GCSE OCR B Geography Paper 1

What is Hengistbury Head known for?

Hengistbury Head is a coastal spit in Dorset, England, recognized for its geology, archaeology, and biodiversity.

Describe the Thames Basin.

The Thames Basin is a drainage basin in southern England, which includes the River Thames, notable for its urban settlements and river management issues.

What was Typhoon Haiyan?

Typhoon Haiyan was a devastating tropical cyclone that struck the Philippines in November 2013, causing widespread destruction and loss of life.

What are the impacts of drought in the UK?

UK droughts can lead to water shortages, reduced agricultural yields, and restrictions on water usage.

What is the significance of the Nepal case study in geography?

The Nepal case study often highlights issues related to earthquake risks, urbanization, and developmental challenges.

What are the key features of coastal erosion?

Key features include wave action, abrasion, and hydraulic action that contribute to landform changes like cliffs and shore platforms.

What is a coastal defense strategy?

Coastal defense strategies include methods like sea walls, groins, and beach nourishment designed to protect coastal areas from erosion and flooding.

Explain the concept of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS).

SUDS are designed to manage surface water runoff sustainably through methods like infiltration, attenuation, and recycling.

What factors contribute to flooding in river basins?

Flooding can be influenced by heavy rainfall, rapid snowmelt, land use change, and drainage system failures.

What are the benefits of wetland ecosystems?

Wetlands provide benefits such as biodiversity support, flood control, water purification, and carbon storage.

How does climate change impact precipitation patterns?

Climate change can alter precipitation patterns, leading to increased rainfall in some areas and drought in others.

Describe the effects of Typhoon Haiyan on the Philippines.

Effects included loss of lives, displacement of communities, destruction of infrastructure, and economic impacts on agriculture and fishing.

What is the role of NGOs in disaster response?

NGOs provide critical support in disaster response through immediate relief efforts, recovery programs, and long-term development initiatives.

Outline the main causes of drought in the UK.

Causes of UK drought include prolonged periods of low rainfall, increased temperatures, and high evaporation rates.

What geographical features are found in the Thames Basin?

The Thames Basin includes rivers, urban areas, farmlands, and natural landscapes, with significant historical and ecological value.

What are the measures taken to manage river flooding?

Measures include building levees, flood barriers, improving drainage systems, and implementing flood warning systems.

Identify the social impacts of Typhoon Haiyan.

Social impacts included new health crises, loss of housing, and long-term displacement of communities affected by the disaster.

Discuss the economic impacts of drought in the UK.

Economic impacts include reduced agricultural productivity, higher food prices, and increased costs associated with water supply management.

How does urbanization affect river basins?

Urbanization can increase impervious surfaces, leading to higher runoff, increased flooding risks, and pollution in river basins.

What strategies are used for flood prevention in urban areas?

Strategies include flood defenses, sustainable drainage systems, and land-use planning to minimize vulnerability.

Describe the biodiversity found at Hengistbury Head.

Hengistbury Head is home to diverse wildlife, including various bird species, plants, and marine life, supporting local ecosystems.

What is the significance of the Dorset coastline?

The Dorset coastline is a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its geological formations and natural beauty, attracting tourism.

Explain how Typhoon Haiyan influenced international aid responses.

The scale of Typhoon Haiyan prompted a coordinated international response, highlighting the role of global agencies and the need for disaster preparedness.