male and female reproductive funtions/anatomy + respiratory system structures/terms

Spermatogenesis

Sperm synthesization

Oogenesis

Egg (during birth/pre puberty) synthesization

Roles of male reproductive system?

Produce male gametes (spermatozoa), transport gametes to female reproductive system, secrete the male reproductive hormone (testosterone)

Where is sperm made?

Seminal vesicle and prostate

Function of seminiferous tubules?

Spermatogenesis, blood supply to testes

Ideal temp of testes?

Couple of degrees lower than body temp

3 parts of urethra?

Spongy, prostatic, membranous

What is spongy urethra?

Main part (what we think of when we think of the urethra), final stop ending in external urethral orifice

What is prostatic urethra?

Urethra located off of the prostate

What is membranous urethra?

Urethra that travels through a sphincter which closes and opens to allow passage of semen

What does the bulbs-urethral (cowper’s) gland produce?

Clear mucus not used in semen that is secreted before ejaculation

What is the function of the clear mucous secreted by the bulbo-urethral gland?

used to create a pH buffer in urethra and needed nutrients for sperm on their journey as well as a lubricant of the glans

What does flaccid mean?

Low amount of blood in penis

What does erect mean?

Large amount of blood in corpora cavernosa to make rigid

What does the corpus spongiosum do?

Keeps urethra open so it doesn’t collapse due to the pressure from the blood in the penile sinuses which would prevent ejaculation

What aids in temperature regulation of the testes?

Pampiniform venous plexus

What muscle is involved in temp regulation (contraction/relaxation)

Cremaster muscle

Functions of female reproductive system?

Produce female gametes, produce female hormones, provide space and nutrients for developing fetus, provide path for delivery of fetus

What are the four ligaments holding ovary

Ovarian, broad, suspensory, round

What are the three layers of the uterine wall from deep to superficial?

Endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

What is the zona pellucida?

Stops multiple sperm from entering fallopian tubes (protective layer)

What is the corpus hemorrhagicum?

Portion that comes out with an ovulated oocyte

What is the corpus luteum?

Develops, then hangs around to regulate hormone levels; if no pregnancy then it will form corpus albicans and degenerate

How many eggs is a female born with?

2 million

How many eggs does a female have by puberty?

Around 300,000

When does climacteric (menopause) begin?

When there are about 1,000 follicles left

What is lung capacity?

The capacity your lungs have for holding air. Approx 6000ml

What is resting tidal volume

Quiet breathing, natural resting state breathing.

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Sucking in as much as you can after a normal inspiration

What is expiratory reserve volume

Breathing out forcefully after normal expiration

What is residual vol

The amount of air left in your lungs after a regular expiration and the expiratory reserve volume have left the lungs. This volume of air is always in the lungs

What is vital capacity

Expiratory reserve volume plus resting tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume

What is the formula for calculating lung capacity?

BSA=√((Height(cm)×Weight(kg))/3600)

What is this structure (1)

Hyoid bone

What is this structure (2)

Thyroid cartilage

What is this structure (3)

Laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple)

What is this structure (4)

Thyrohyoid membrane

What is this structure (5)

Epiglottis

What is this structure (6)

Cricoid cartilage

What is this structure (1)

Secondary bronchi

What is this structure (2)

Primary bronchi

What is this structure (3)

Trachea

What is this structure (1)

Vocal cords

What is this structure (2)

Arytenoid cartilage

What is this structure (1)

Apex

What is this structure (2)

Horizontal fissure

What is this structure (3)

Base

What is this structure (4)

Oblique fissure

What is this tissue?

Alveolar tissue

What tissue is this? What is its function

What tissue is this? What is its function

What tissue is this? What is its function

Testes, hormones/reproductive cells

What is this tissue? What’s its function

Ovary, hormone/oogenesis