Health Assessment: Cultural, Physical, and Mental Health Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering health assessment terms, cultural humility, physical examination techniques, nutrition guidelines, and mental status evaluation based on the lecture transcript.

Culture

The system of shared ideas, rules, and meanings that influences how we view the world, experience it emotionally, and behave in relation to other people.

Cultural Assessment

A systematic and comprehensive assessment of health-related cultural beliefs, values, and practices that provides the foundation for the plan of care.

Cultural Competence

An ongoing process of growth and learning involving knowledge, attitudes, and skills necessary to provide effective care for individuals from diverse backgrounds.

Cultural Sensibility

A deliberate, proactive approach where healthcare providers thoughtfully examine cultural situations and respond with attentiveness and respect.

Cultural Humility

A lifelong process of self-reflection and self-critique in which individuals continually learn and engage respectfully with others' cultural perspectives.

RESPECT model

A framework for respectful communication consisting of Rapport, Empathy, Support, Partnership, Explanations, Cultural competence, and Trust.

Cultural-bound syndromes

Illnesses defined by a particular culture that have no corresponding illness in Western medicine.

Spirituality

Encompasses beliefs, values, and behaviors that provide meaning, purpose, hope, and strength in life.

Religion

An organized system of beliefs, practices, and worship shared within a faith community.

Physical Examination

A process to obtain objective data to determine changes in health status, plan responses to problems, and promote wellness.

Standard precautions

The principle that all blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes may contain transmissible infectious agents.

Universal precautions

Guidelines designed to prevent parenteral, mucous membrane, and noncontact exposures of health care workers to blood-borne pathogens such as HIV and HBV.

Healthy BMI Range

For adults, a Body Mass Index (BMI) between $18.5$ and $24.9$.

BMI Calculation Criteria

Calculated using weight in pounds and height in inches, or weight in kilograms and height in meters; waist circumference should be measured if BMI is $35$ or higher.

Dehydration

A hydration status risk factor caused by excessive heat, inability to drink, burn injuries, hemorrhage, or vomiting and diarrhea.

Overhydration

A hydration status risk factor associated with heart failure, kidney failure, liver disease, or increased sodium and IV fluid intake.

Aphasia Testing

Assessment involving word comprehension, repetition, naming, reading comprehension, and writing.

Mood

The patient's internal emotional state, ranging from sadness or anxiety to joy and euphoria.

Affect

The external expression of an inner emotional state observed through facial expressions, voice, and body movements.

Insight

A patient's awareness that a particular mood, thought, or perception is abnormal or part of an illness.

Judgment

The assessment of whether a patient's decisions and actions are based on reality rather than impulse or disordered thought content.

Orientation

A component of cognitive function testing the patient's awareness of person, place, time, and situation.

Remote memory

Assessment of long-term recall, such as birthdays, anniversaries, social security numbers, or names of schools attended.

Recent memory

Assessment of short-term recall, such as the day's events, weather, or appointment times.

Abstract thinking

Assessed by asking for the meaning of proverbs or identifying similarities between objects.

Constructional ability

The ability to copy figures of increasing complexity or draw a clock face with numbers and hands.

Anxiety

A disorder affecting $40 \times 10^6$ people in the U.S. annually, characterized by being tense, uncontrolled worrying, and physical changes.

Depression

A condition characterized by low self-esteem, anhedonia, and sleep disorders; screening is recommended for all adults over $18$ years.

Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)

A brief, widely used questionnaire to screen adult patients for cognitive dysfunction or dementia by testing orientation, recall, and language.

Weight Loss Goal

A safe weight loss parameters defined as $\frac{1}{2}$ to $2 \text{ lb}$ per week.