APUSH UNIT 1 (1491-1601)

Maize

Corn created 1st in southern mexico, spread through trade

What did Maize lead to?

the creation of larger and complex societies

Effects of Maize

1) economic development

2) permanent settlements

3) advanced irrigation systems (water applied to soil)

4) social diversification

Caravel

fast ships

lateen sail

triangular shaped sail that could catch wind from many different directions

Astrolabe

instrument used to determine latitude (distance of a location) by measuring the position of the stars

Joint stock compromise

funded trip from mulitple investors

types of indiginous resistance

Diplomatic negotiations and military resistance

1 type of military resistance

Taino Rebellion (1511)

What did Bartelome de las casas believe?

that natives and africans were fully human

What did Juan Gines de Sepulveda believe?

that natives and africans were less than human

Curse of Ham

God cursed Ham's descendants with dark skin ("a black mark") and meant them to be servants/slaves

why did many natives convert to christianity?

smallpox did not affect the europeans so they addded jesus with their other gods to worship

Differences between european and indigineous

LAND

EUROPEAN: can be owned by individuals

INDIGENOUS: resources for everyone

Differences between european and indigineous

RELIGION, GENDER ROLES, FAMILY

EUROPEAN: 1 god, patriarical, ordinary family 2 parents and childrean

INDIGENOUS: multiple gods, martilleneal, lived together in extended familes, shared child raising

Explain: GOD, GOLD, AND GLORY

The desire to grow rich and to spread Christianity, coupled with advances in sailing technology, spurred an age of European exploration.

Caste Systems

Race Based Hiercaries

Conquistadors

Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru. (Examples Cortez, Pizarro, Francisco.) THEY WANTED TO FIND WEALTH

Iroqois

Northeast, semi sedentary, relied on maize, used trees for housing

Cherokee

South, agricultural society, semi sedentary, men hunted and woman grew crops, maize, beans, and squash arrived in 1000 BCE, migrated with seasons, women had more social power

Mississipian West: Cities

Rich soil, large societies, traded, high social hierarchies

Great Plains (example group)

Ute people, hot dry, nomadic, lived with extended families,

Great Basin (example group)

Chinook and Chumash, didn’t practice agriculture, used ocean for food

House of Burgesses

first colonial legislature where people had a voice

• Made laws for the colony of Virginia

• Allowed colonists to have a say in government

• Worked with the royal governor (who represented the king)

Cahokia

major Native American city with mounds and complex society it was connected with other nations as well