Alkene Reactions

What are the methods for synthesizing alkenes?

E2 and E1

What are the conditions for an E1?

• strong acid w/ a weak nucleophilic counterion

• heat

What are the conditions for and E2?

• strong base

How do we use isomerize alkenes?

We use acid to complete a reaction similar to that of an E1

How do I add halogen(s) to an alkene?

• hydrobromation

• hydrocholoration

• hydroiodination

• halo hydration

• dihalogenation

How do we hydrate an alkene?

• H₃O + Markovnikov Addition

• Oxymercuration

• Hydroboration (anti-markvonikov product)

• Halohydration

How do we put a halogen on a carbon that is not the most substituted?

Halohydration

How do we get an OH on a carbon that is not the most subsituted (anti markovnikov product)

Hydroboration

How do we oxidize alkenes?

• epoxidation

• base + halohydrin

How do we oxygenate Alkenes?

• epoxide + H₃O+

• alkene + OsO₄ → +NaHSO₄ (in H₂O)

How do we cleave alkenes?

• ozonolysis

• KMNO₄

• HIO₄

How do we make a cid diol product (two wedged OH groups or two dashed OH groups)?

alkene + OsO₄ → +NaHSO₄ (in H₂O)

How do we make two acids?

• ozonolysis with H₂O₂

• alkene cleavage reaction w KMnO₄

How do we make two aldehydes?

• Ozonolysis w/PPh₃/Zn

• alkene clevage reaction w HIO₄

How do we go from alkene to alkane (reduction)

• hydrogenation

• diimide reduction

How do I add halogens to the most subsitiuted carbon

• hydrobromation

• hydrocholoration

• hydroiodination

What are the three steps to turn an alkene into a polymer?

1. initation

2. propogation

3. termination

How do we add carbenes to alkenes?

• generate from chloroform through the addition of a base

• Methylene cyclopropanes can be accessed through the Simmons-Smith reaction

Dihalogenations create what type of products?

trans

E2

E1