Mitosis and Cancer Study Set

Vocabulary and concepts regarding cell division, the phases of the cell cycle, mitosis, and the characteristics of cancer and carcinogens.

Mitosis (Single-Celled Organisms)

The process used so that they can replicate and reproduce.

Multicellular Organism Mitosis Reasons

1. To make, 2. To grow, 3. To replace.

G1 phase

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows and does its job.

S phase

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell replicates DNA.

G2 phase

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows to divide.

Mitosis (Cell Cycle Phase)

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell divides in the nucleus in half.

Cytokinesis

The stage of the cell cycle where the cytoplasm divides.

Interphase

The phase of the cell cycle in which the cell spends most of its time.

Prophase

The phase of mitosis in which the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

Metaphase

The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes line up at the center.

Anaphase

The phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids split and move away from each other.

Telophase

The phase of mitosis in which the nuclear membrane begins to reform and the cell begins to split/cleave.

Cancer

A disorder in which some of the body’s own cells lose the ability to control growth.

Cancer Cells vs. Normal Cells (Time)

Normal cells spend more time in each stage and go through checkpoints, while cancer cells spend less time in each stage and ignore checkpoints.

Carcinogen

Substances known to produce or promote the development of cancer cells, such as tobacco, chemicals, and radiation.

Malignant

A cancerous tumor where the cells don’t stay clustered together.

Benign

A tumor where cells remain clustered; this is not considered cancer.

Metastasize

A term for when cancer cells break away and spread to other parts of the body.