Kines exam 3

Hip, knee, foot

Psoas Minor Origin

12th thoracic and 1st lumbar vertebrae

Psoas minor insertion

pectineal line of pubis and iliopectineal eminence

psoas minor action

flexion of lumbar region of vertebral column

Psoas Major origin

transverse process of lumbar vertebrae, inter vertebral disks of T12 and L1-5

Psoas Major Insertion

lesser trochanter of femur

Psoas Major action

flexion of lumbar region of vertebral column

hip: flexion, lateral rotation

Iliacus origin

iliac fossa and base of sacrum

Iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter of femur and medial border of shaft just below the trochanter

Iliacus action

hip: flexion, lateral rotation

Tensor Fasciae Latae origin

anterior iliac crest and outer surface of anterior superior iliac spine

Tensor Fasciae Latae insertion

ilio-tibial band tract of thigh about 1/4-1/3 of the way down between the hip and knee

Tensor Fasciae Latae action

hip: flexion, abduction, medial rotation

Sartorius origin

anterior superior iliac spine and notch just below it

Sartorius insertion

anterior medial surface of tibia just below the medial condyle

Sartorius action

hip: flexion, lateral rotation

knee: flexion, medial rotation

Rectus Femoris origin

(anterior) - anterior inferior iliac spine

(posterior) - superior margin of acetabulum

Rectus Femoris insertion

quadriceps tendon to patella, patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Rectus Femoris action

Hip - flexion

Knee - extension

biceps femoris (one of the hamstrings) origin

(longhead) - lateral ischial tuberosity

(shorthead) - inferior half of linea aspera

biceps femoris (one of the hamstrings) insertion

lateral condyle of tibia and lateral side of the head of fibula

biceps femoris (one of the hamstrings) actions

Hip- (longhead only) extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation, adduction

Knee- (both) flexion, lateral rotation

Semitendinosus (hamstring) origin

superior lateral posterior surface of ischial tuberosity

Semitendinosus (hamstring) insertion

anterior medial surface of shaft of tibia just below the condyle

Semitendinosus (hamstring) ACTION

hip- extension, hyperextension, medial rotation, adduction

knee- flexion, medial rotation

Semimembranosus (hamstring) ORIGIN

inferior medial posterior surface of ischial tuberosity

Semimembranosus (hamstring) INSERTION

posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

Semimembranosus (hamstring) ACTION

hip - extension, hyperextension, medial rotation, adduction

knee- flexion, medial rotation

hamstrings

bicep femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Gluteus Maximus ORIGIN

lateral surface of posterior ¼ of iliac crest, inferior 1/3 of lateral border of posterior surface of sacrum, lateral surface of coccyx

Gluteus Maximus INSERTION

greater trochanter and posterior surface of femur (gluteal line), ilio-tibial band of fascia lata

Gluteus Maximus ACTION

Hip- extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation

(upper fibers used in abduction; lower fibers used in adduction)

Gluteus Medius ORIGIN

Lateral surface of ilium below the crest

Gluteus Medius INSERTION

superior, lateral, posterior and middle surfaces of the greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus Medius ACTION

Hip- abduction

Anterior fibers - flexion, medial rotation

Posterior fibers - extension, lateral rotation

Gluteus Minimus ORIGIN

lateral surface of ilium below the origin of gluteus medius

Gluteus Minimus INSERTION

anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

Gluteus Minimus ACTION

hip - abduction, flexion, medial rotation

Pectineus ORIGIN

pectineal line of pubis

Pectineus INSERTION

pectineal line of femur

Pectineus ACTION

hip- flexion, adduction, lateral rotation

Adductor Brevis ORIGIN

inferior ramus of pubis

Adductor Brevis INSERTION

pectineal line of femur and upper 1/3 of linea aspera

Adductor Brevis ACTION

HIP- flexion, adduction, lateral rotation

Adductor Longus ORIGIN

ramus of ishium, anterior inferior surface of pubis below the crest

Adductor Longus INSERTION

middle 1/3 of linea aspera

Adductor Longus ACTION

hip- flexion, adduction, lateral rotation

Adductor Magnus ORIGIN

inferior rami of pubis and ischium and inferior surface of ischial tuberosity

Adductor Magnus INSERTION

inferior 1/3 of linea aspera, adductor tubercle

Adductor Magnus ACTION

hip - adduction

upper fibers - flexion

lower fibers - extension, lateral rotation

Gracilis ORIGIN

anterior inferior medial ½ of symphysis pubis and superior half of inferior ramus of pubis

Gracilis INSERTION

anterior medial surface of tibia below the condyle of the tibia

Gracilis ACTION

hip - adduction, medial rotation, flexion (only when knee is extended)

Knee - flexion, medial rotation

Rectus Femoris (quadricep) ORIGIN

(anterior) - anterior inferior iliac spine

(posterior) - superior margin of acetabulum

Rectus Femoris (quadricep) INSERTION

quadriceps tendon to patella, patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Rectus Femoris (quadricep) ACTION

hip - flexion

knee - extension

Vastus Lateralis Externus ORIGIN

intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior borders of greater trochanter; upper ½ of linea aspera

Vastus Lateralis Externus INSERTION

upper lateral border of patella and patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Vastus Lateralis Externus ACTION

knee - extension

Vastus Lateralis Internus ORIGIN

entire length of linea aspera

Vastus Lateralis Internus INSERTION

upper medial border of patella and patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Vastus Lateralis Internus ACTION

knee - extension

Vastus Intermedius ORIGIN

superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral surface of shaft of femur

Vastus Intermedius INSERTION

superior border of patella and patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

Vastus Intermedius ACTION

knee - extension

Quadriceps Femoris

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Popliteus ORIGIN

posterior surface of lateral condyle of femur

Popliteus INSERTION

superior 1/3 of posterior medial surface of tibia

Popliteus ACTION

Knee - flexion, medial rotation

Gastrocnemius ORIGIN

(lateral head) - posterior lateral condyle of femur

(medial head) - posterior medial condyle of femur

Gastrocnemius INSERTION

posterior surface of calcaneus via the Achillies tendon

Gastrocnemius ACTION

knee - flexion

ankle - plantar flexion

Plantaris ORIGIN

distal lateral portion of linea aspera of femur and popliteal ligament

Plantaris INSERTION

posterior surface of calcaneus via the Achillies tendon

Plantaris ACTION

knee - flexion

ankle - plantar flexion

Soleus ORIGIN

posterior surface of head of fibula and superior 1/3 of shaft; medial border of middle 1/3 of tibia

Soleus INSERTION

posterior surface of calcaneus via the Achilles tendon

Soleus ACTION

ankle - plantar flexion

Tibialis Posterior ORIGIN

posterior surface of superior 2/3 of tibia and fibula, posterior surface of interosseous membrane

Tibialis Posterior INSERTION

inferior medial surfaces of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals

Tibialis Posterior ACTION

Ankle - plantar flexion

Foot - supination (adduction, inversion, and plantar flexion)

Flexor Digitorum Longus ORIGIN

posterior surface of middle portion of tibia

Flexor Digitorum Longus INSERTION

inferior (plantar) surface of base of distal phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th toes

Flexor Digitorum Longus ACTION

Ankle - plantar flexion

Foot - supination (adduction, inversion, and plantar flexion)

Toes - flexion of phalanges (2-5)

Flexor Hallucis Longus ORIGIN

inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula

Flexor Hallucis Longus INSERTION

plantar (bottom) surface of base of distal phalanx of 1st toe

Flexor Hallucis Longus ACTION

Ankle - plantar flexion

Foot - supination (adduction, inversion, and plantar flexion)

Toe - flexion of 1st toe

Tibialis Anterior ORIGIN

lateral condyle and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia

Tibialis Anterior INSERTION

plantar (bottom) surface of base of 1st metatarsal and medial surface of 1st cuneiform

Tibialis Anterior ACTION

Ankle - dorsal flexion

Foot - supination (adduction, inversion, and plantar flexion)

Extensor Digitorum Longus ORIGIN

lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula, superior ¾ of anterior surface of fibula, interosseus membrane

Extensor Digitorum Longus INSERTION

dorsal (top) surfaces of the bases of the middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th toes

Extensor Digitorum Longus ACTION

Ankle - dorsal flexion

Foot - pronation (abduction, eversion, and dorsiflexion)

Toes - extension of middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Extensor Hallucis Longus ORIGIN

middle 1/3 of anterior medial surface of fibula

Extensor Hallucis Longus INSERTION

dorsal (top) surface of base of distal phalanx of 1st toe

Extensor Hallucis Longus ACTION

Ankle - dorsal flexion

Foot - supination (adduction, inversion, and plantar flexion)

Toe - extension of 1st toe

Peroneus Longus ORIGIN

head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Peroneus Longus INSERTION

Plantar (bottom) surface of lateral side of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Peroneus Longus ACTION

ankle - plantar flexion

foot - pronation (abduction, eversion, and dorsiflexion)

Peroneus Brevis ORIGIN

inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

Peroneus Brevis INSERTION

tuberosity on the lateral surface of the base of the 5th metatarsal