Nurse Aide 1

What is an infection

When harmful germs enter the body and multiply

What are the two types of infection

Localized and systemic

What is a localized infection

Infection affecting one body part with limited symptoms

What are symptoms of a localized infection

Redness, pain, warmth, swelling, drainage

What is a systemic infection

Infection affecting the whole body/system

What are symptoms of a systemic infection

Fever, chills, fatigue, nausea, vomiting

What are symptoms of a respiratory infection

Coughing, sneezing, mucus, fever, chills, shortness of breath

What are symptoms of a UTI/bladder infection

Burning urination, strong odor urine, bloody urine, fever, chills, frequent urination

What are microorganisms

Germs that can be helpful or harmful

What is medical asepsis

Clean technique used to remove or destroy microorganisms and prevent spread of infection

What are the 6 links in the chain of infection

Causative agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

What is the causative agent

Harmful germ that causes infection

What is a reservoir

Place where germs live and multiply

What is a portal of exit

Way germs leave the body

What is a mode of transmission

How germs spread

What is a portal of entry

Way germs enter another person

What is a susceptible host

Person likely to become infected

How do you break the chain of infection

Handwashing, PPE, cleaning, isolation, proper disposal

What are standard precautions

Infection control practices used for all patients

Why are standard precautions used

Because anyone may carry infection

What are transmission-based precautions

Extra precautions for certain infections

What are the 3 transmission-based precautions

Contact, droplet, airborne

When should gloves be worn

When touching blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, wounds, or contaminated items

When should soap and water be used instead of sanitizer

When hands are visibly dirty, after bathroom use, after body fluid exposure, after C. diff or norovirus exposure

What are bloodborne pathogens

Germs spread through blood

Examples of bloodborne infections

HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C

Should you recap a needle

No

How should sharps be disposed of

In a sharps container immediately

What should you do after a needlestick injury

Wash immediately and report it

What does PPE stand for

Personal Protective Equipment

Examples of PPE

Gloves, gown, mask, goggles

What does CDC stand for

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

What is fatigue

Extreme tiredness

What is lethargy

Sluggishness or lack of energy

What is malaise

General feeling of discomfort or illness

What are laws

Rules made by government to protect the public

What are ethics

Moral principles about right and wrong

What is a tort

A wrong committed against a person or property

What is negligence

Failure to provide proper care causing harm

Examples of negligence

Ignoring call lights, not reporting changes, leaving unsafe conditions, failing to provide care

Is hitting a patient negligence

No, it is abuse and battery

What is malpractice

Performing care you are not legally allowed to do

What is assault

Threatening or attempting to touch without consent

What is battery

Touching a person without consent

What is consent

The right to decide what happens to the body

What are the 3 types of consent

Written, verbal, implied

What is implied consent

Consent assumed through actions

What is invasion of privacy

Violation of a person's right to privacy

Examples of invasion of privacy

Discussing patients publicly, sharing patient info, exposing residents unnecessarily

What is false imprisonment

Restricting a person's movement unlawfully

What is defamation

False statement damaging someone's reputation

What is libel

Written defamation

What is slander

Spoken defamation

What is diversion of drugs

Unauthorized taking or use of medications

What is fraud

Intentional deception for unauthorized benefit

What is exploitation

Taking advantage of someone for personal gain

What is misappropriation of property

Stealing or misusing resident belongings

Who is considered a vulnerable adult

Someone unable to protect themselves due to age or disability

What is abuse

Intentional harm to a resident

What is neglect

Failure to provide needed care

What is HIPAA

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Why was HIPAA implemented

To protect patient privacy and health information

What should healthcare workers remember about HIPAA

Only share information on a need-to-know basis

What is empathy

Understanding another person's feelings

What are traits of a professional healthcare worker

Honest, respectful, compassionate, reliable, punctual, clean, responsible

What is the nurse aide's role in preventing abuse

Report abuse, neglect, or unsafe situations immediately

What does CNA stand for

Certified Nursing Assistant

What does UAP stand for

Unlicensed Assistive Personnel

What is a Nurse Aide I

An unlicensed healthcare worker providing delegated nursing tasks

What does OBRA stand for

Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act

What is OBRA

Federal law improving nursing home care and CNA standards

What are requirements to become a CNA

Complete approved training and pass state competency exam

What are the two parts of the competency exam

Written/oral exam and 5 skills demonstration

How often must CNA registry listing be renewed

Every 2 years

How many hours must a CNA work every 2 years

At least 8 hours

Who is responsible for updating information on the CNA registry

The CNA

Who determines which tasks a CNA can perform

The nursing board

Can a CNA administer medications

No

Who does the CNA report to

RN or LPN

What is delegation

Assigning tasks to another worker

What is important about delegation

CNAs only perform tasks allowed by the nurse

What are the 3 categories of CNA skills

Basic nursing skills, personal care skills, interpersonal skills

What are ADLs

Activities of Daily Living

Examples of ADLs

Bathing, dressing, toileting, eating, grooming, walking

What is cognitive impairment

Problems with thinking, memory, or decision-making

What is the NC Nurse Aide I Registry

List of individuals approved to work as CNAs in North Carolina

What is the Health Care Personnel Registry

List of unlicensed healthcare workers investigated for abuse, neglect, fraud, or theft

When can a CNA not work in a nursing home

If listed for abuse, neglect, or misappropriation

What is qualified work experience for renewal

Paid nursing-related work supervised by an RN

What is communication

Sending and receiving messages

What are the 3 parts of communication

Sender, receiver, feedback

What is verbal communication

Using spoken or written words

What is nonverbal communication

Using body language, gestures, posture, facial expressions

Examples of positive body language

Smiling, eye contact, nodding, relaxed posture

Examples of negative body language

Eye rolling, crossed arms, avoiding eye contact

What is therapeutic communication

Communication promoting comfort and trust

Examples of therapeutic communication

Active listening, open-ended questions, clarification

Why is communication important

Builds trust and helps provide quality care

What is reporting

Verbal communication about patient care or changes

When should changes in patient condition be reported

Immediately