Ap US Gov Unit 5

Which constitutional amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States?

14th Amendment

The primary purpose of the citizenship clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was to

grant citizenship to formerly enslaved people

Which amendment prohibited denying the right to vote based on race?

15th Amendment

Following the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, many states limited African American voting through

literacy tests and poll taxes

Which amendment established the direct election of U.S. senators?

17th Amendment

Before the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, U.S. senators were selected by

state legislatures

Which amendment granted women the right to vote nationwide?

19th Amendment

The terms suffrage and franchise both refer to

the right to vote

Which amendment banned poll taxes in federal elections?

24th Amendment

Poll taxes historically served as a barrier to voting primarily for

minority and low-income voters

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 was most directly associated with increasing voter turnout among

African American voters in the South

Which amendment lowered the national voting age to 18?

26th Amendment

The slogan “old enough to fight, old enough to vote” was associated with support for

lowering the voting age

Voting based on what a person believes is in their own self-interest is called

rational choice voting

A small business owner voting for a candidate who promises to lower taxes is an example of

rational choice voting

Retrospective voting refers to voting based on

 the past performance of elected officials

A voter who decides whether to re-elect a president based on the current state of the economy is engaging in

retrospective voting

Prospective voting occurs when voters

decide which candidate will best handle future issues

Straight-ticket voting refers to

voting for all candidates from the same political party

Which of the following voting behaviors requires the least knowledge about individual candidates?

 Straight-ticket voting

Which of the following best describes structural barriers in elections?

Laws and policies that make voting easier or more difficult

In the United States, which level of government is primarily responsible for administering federal elections?

State governments

Which policy is most directly intended to increase voter turnout

Early voting opportunities

Supporters of voter photo ID laws most commonly argue that such laws are necessary to

reduce voter fraud

Opponents of stricter voter identification laws often argue that such policies

create barriers that discourage eligible voters from voting

Which of the following elections typically has the highest voter turnout?

Presidential elections

Which concept refers to a person’s belief that their political participation can influence government?

Political efficacy

According to political science research, which demographic group is most likely to vote?

Individuals with higher education levels

Which demographic factor is associated with higher voter turnout?

Higher education levels

Which of the following is generally the strongest predictor of how a person will vote?

Party identification

A voter who identifies as politically conservative is most likely to support which party?

Republican Party

Which of the following is an example of a candidate characteristic that may influence voters?

Political ideology of the voter

Issues that dominate political debate during an election cycle are known as

contemporary political issues

Which of the following statements best describes voting patterns by age?

Older voters tend to lean Republican

Which of the following groups has historically shown the strongest support for Democratic candidates?

Black voters

Voting patterns by geographic location in the United States generally show that

urban voters tend to favor Democrats

Which religious group is most strongly associated with Republican voting patterns?

White evangelical Protestants

Which demographic group tends to vote more frequently than men?

Women

Which of the following would most likely increase voter turnout?

Automatic voter registration

Political scientists use demographic factors to predict voting behavior, but these predictions should be viewed as

broad trends with many exceptions

5.3-5.4