Land-Based Empires, Transoceanic Interactions, and Revolutions

Vocabulary flashcards covering land-based empires, the Columbian Exchange, the Enlightenment, and the consequences of industrialization including imperialism.

Gunpowder empires

Refers to the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals, which used gunpowder and centralized leadership to expand.

Ottomans & Mughals

Gunpowder empires that followed the Sunni branch of Islam.

Safavids

A gunpowder empire that followed the Shia branch of Islam.

Qing Dynasty

A centralized and bureaucratic power that re-established Chinese traditions.

Devshirme system

An Ottoman power system in which Christian boys were recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government.

Divine Right of Kings

A principle used by monarchs to justify their rule.

Zamindars

Mughal officials who used taxation to help centralize power.

Mercantilism

An economic system where wealth is created by maximizing exports to a mother country.

Three G's

The inspirations for exploration during the era of transoceanic interactions.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of food, animals, and disease between the East and West that benefitted the East at the expense of the West.

Maritime Empires

Empires created by Europe through mercantilism and conquest, and by Asia using Indian Ocean trade.

The Enlightenment

A philosophical revolution emphasizing science and reason that influenced thinkers like John Locke, Montesquieu, and Voltaire.

Industrialization

A shift to a manufacturing-dominated economy resulting from advancements in technology.

Imperialism

A practice where developed countries use their power to exploit less developed countries and expand.

Economic Imperialism

A form of imperialism where industrial powers exploit other countries for economic advancements, such as the Opium Wars between Britain and China.

Indian Rebellion of $1857$

An act of resistance against British rule in India.