scienceee

what is adaptations

specific features of an organism which enables to survive in conditions of habitat

what is structural

physical features of an organism whch enables to survive

what is behavioural

actions of the organism does to survive

what is physiological/functional

adaptions of the organism which enables to carry out life processes

example- venom production

what is the difference between living things and non-living things

living things- grows and develops, uses energy, respond to environment and reproduce

non-living things- made of elements or compounds, doesn’t grow or reproduce or require energy

what is MRS GREN

Movement

Respiration

Sensitivity

Growth

Reproduction

Excretion

Nutrients

how does adaptations help organisms to survive

find food, avoid predators, survive weather conditions and reproduce successfully

what are examples of structural adaptations in ANIMALS

-camouflage

-spines or thorns for protection

-beaks shaped for different foods

-fur for warmth

what are examples of structural adaptations in PLANTS

-thick stems for water storage

-spines/thorns protect the plant from thirsty animals

-large leaves capture more sunlight

-wavy leaves reduce water loss

what is migration

study of how animals move between different habitats

what are examples of migrations

whales- migrate between feeding grounds and breeding areas

what is hibernation

survival strategies used by animals to conserve energy during conditions

what are examples of hibernation- bears

-prepare for winter by eating large amount of foods during autumn

-stores fat which provides energy while hibernating

-allows them to survive months while food is scarce

Give two examples of behavioural adaptations in animals and explain how each helps survival.

migrate- birds migrate to warm climates where food is available

hibernation- bats enters a state of deep sleep during winter months.

what is phototropism

plants grow towards sunlight to maximise photosynthesis

what is plant behaviourial response

actions a plant takes to interact with environment and respond to environmental changes

what is homeostasis

when a organism maintains a stable internal environment even with external conditions change

explain how bubbler helps survival

by managing gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide and provides insulation and buoyancy because of the thick layer of fat underneath

how do kidneys help desert animals

they produce very concentrated urine and reduce water loss

characteristics about cool burns

-fuel reduce, weed control, healing country

-small patches

determined by reading the land and local knowledge from traditional custodians

-slow burns and low temp

-flame height is knee-high and controlled

-nature recovers quick

characteristics about hot burns

-fuel reduction

-large scale operations

-determined by computing modelling

-fast burn speed

-very high flame heights(up to 75m)

-controlled but can get out of control

-nature take up to years or decades to recover

Describe how plants or animals depend on each other in an ecosystem. Give one example

through a cycle of resources, gases, and reproduction. Plants produce food and oxygen for animals, while animals provide carbon dioxide, nutrients and assistance

Example: Pollination
Bees depend on flowers for nectar and carry pollen between plants, allowing them to fertilise and produce seeds

Explain what might happen if a species can’t adapt to environmental changes. Include the terms endangered and extinction

population will likely be declined, individuals drops and species at risk of disappearing, classified as endangered.

Once there’s no living individuals of species left, it’s reached to extinction.

Explain why blooming considered a behavioural adaptation and how this increases the plant’s chances of survival and reproduction

it’s a timed response to environmental stimulus. plants can’t "move" like animals and controls time of life cycle stages to match conditions

stays in dormant during droughts, plants avoid wasting energy and moisture on flowers that wither in heat.

how does structural, behavioural, and physiological adaptations work together in one organism.  Show how the combination of adaptations increases its overall survival.

Structural- broad, padded feet that spreads weight and stop them sinking in sand and long lashes that protects from blowing sand

Behavioural- reduce water loss by becoming less active and seeks shade and travel and feed in ways that let them conserve energy in harsh conditions

Physiological- tolerate large changes in body temp and lose less water through sweating and drinks lots of water when available which helps them recover after dry periods

How it increases survival- broad feet helps camel move safely in desert

behavioural choices like resting in heat reduce stress on the body.

physiological- water conservation and heat tolerance allow camels to endure long periods without water

compare modern fire management with traditional Indigenous practices

Modern Fire Management- focuses on "hazard reduction" reduces fuel loads to protect human life and property

Traditional indigenous practices- viewed as "cultural obligation" to care for country, used to manage biodiversity and reduce fuel to prevent wildfires.

what is epicormic buds

dormant buds located underneath the thick bark of a tree’s trunk and branches.

how does epicormic buds help plants recover

by acting as dormant, protected "emergency backup" system that produces new shoots, leaves and branches when the main, above-ground parts of plant is destroyed

what is lightnotuber

woody swelling or mallee root, located at base of stem or underground, where the trunk meets roots.

Explain how lignotubers help Australian plants recover after bushfires

enable plants to quickly resprout when the above-ground part of plant is completely destroyed

what is fire triggered germination

known as obligate seeders, dont survive fire themselves but rely on fire to trigger their next generation.

how does intense bushfires damage ecosystems

leads to long-term habitat loss, biodiversity decline, and degradation of soil and water resources

describe how a echidna uses multiple adaptations to survive

camouflage- helps them blend into the local environment

rolling into a ball- forming a secure "ball of spikes" that protects their belly when threatened.

long tongue- reach up to 18 cm out of their snout to catch termites and ants

specialised mouth- uses hard plates in their mouth to grind insects against the roof of their mouth

swimming ability- good swimmers, often uses snouts as snorkels to cross rivers and streams.

behavioural thermoregulation- lowers metabolism and body temp and helps them survive times of low food availability or extreme temp.

Describe photosynthesis and explain how it helps an organism survive

The primary product, glucose, provides energy to fuel metabolism, growth and reproduction. Plants use glucose or store as starch for energy needs.

how does plants in south west WA survive bushfires

resprouting- high-intensity fires by having dormant buds protected from heat.

seeding- when adult plants die, species survive through seeds that adapt to germination after fire.

why do all living things have adaptations

to survive and reproduce in their specific environments