apwh unit 6

Age Grades

Bantu system where individuals of similar age performed communal tasks, fostering cooperation.

Axum

Ethiopian kingdom, early center of Coptic Christianity, key player in Red Sea trade.

Bantu

People from present-day Nigeria, who migrated across sub-Saharan Africa, spreading agriculture, ironworking, and language.

Benin

West African kingdom known for its art and trade, especially with the Portuguese.

Camels

Transformed trans-Saharan trade by making long desert journeys possible.

Gold

Key commodity in West African trade, fueling the wealth of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.

Great Zimbabwe

15th-century southern African kingdom, known for its stone architecture and trade links.

Griots

West African oral historians and musicians, vital in preserving cultural traditions.

Ife

Yoruba city-state in Nigeria, famed for its artistic achievements in terracotta and bronze.

Islamic Slave Trade

Slave trade connecting sub-Saharan Africa to the Islamic world, active from the 7th century.

Jenne-jeno

Niger River settlement, thriving from the 4th to 8th centuries, known for iron production and trade.

Kebra Negast

Ethiopian text asserting the Solomonic dynasty's descent from King Solomon.

Kilwa

Powerful Swahili city-state, active in Indian Ocean trade from the 13th to 15th centuries.

Kin-based Societies

Early African political structures centered around family and clan relationships.

Kingdom of Ghana

West African state (8th-11th centuries), rich from controlling gold trade routes.

Kingdom of Kongo

Central African kingdom (14th-17th centuries), notable for its political complexity and trade with Portugal.

Koumbi-Saleh

Capital of the Kingdom of Ghana, an important center of trade from the 11th to 13th centuries.

Mali Empire

West African empire (13th-15th centuries), wealthy from gold trade, home to Timbuktu.

Mansa Musa

Mali's famous ruler (1312-1337), known for his wealth and pilgrimage to Mecca.

Sundiata

Founder of the Mali Empire, his conquests laid the foundation for its prosperity.

Swahili

East African coastal society engaged in Indian Ocean trade; also a Bantu-Arabic language blend.

Timbuktu

Major city in Mali, known for learning and trade.

Trans-Saharan Trade

Trade network connecting West Africa to North Africa and the Mediterranean, focused on gold and salt.

Zanji Revolt

Slave uprising in the Abbasid Caliphate (869-883 C.E.), highlighting social tensions.

Zimbabwe

Former British colony, gained independence in 1980 after a long liberation struggle.