BSC2085 Feb 13

Connective tissue

A type of tissue that supports, binds together, and protects other tissues and organs in the body.

Mesenchyme

Embryonic connective tissue from which other connective tissues arise.

Endochondral ossification

The process of bone development from cartilage.

Intramembranous ossification

The process of bone development directly from mesenchymal tissue.

Trabecular bone

Also known as spongy bone, characterized by a lattice-like structure and found within the interior of bones.

Diaphysis

The shaft or central part of a long bone.

Epiphysis

The end part of a long bone, initially separated from the shaft by an epiphyseal plate.

Metaphysis

The region of a long bone between the diaphysis and epiphysis, involved in bone growth.

Chondrocytes

Cells that produce and maintain cartilage.

Osteoblasts

Cells that synthesize bone and are responsible for its formation.

DEXA scan

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, a technique used to measure bone density.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, increasing the risk of fractures.

Calcitonin

A hormone that helps to lower blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity.

Greenstick fracture

An incomplete fracture where the bone bends but does not break completely.

Compression fracture

A fracture that occurs when the bone is compressed, commonly seen in the vertebrae.

Burst fracture

A type of compression fracture that involves the vertebrae being shattered into multiple pieces.

Hangman's fracture

A fracture of the second cervical vertebra (C2) typically resulting from severe neck trauma.