DK Ching VD - Brick

brick

a masonry unit of clay, formed into a rectangular prism while plastic and hardened by drying in the sun or firing in a kiln

common brick

brick made for general building purposed and not specifically treated for color and textures; also called "building brick"

facing brick

brick made of special clays for facing a wall, often treated to produce the desired color and surface texture

brick type

a designation indicating the permissible variation in size, color, chippage, and distortion allowed in a facing brick unit

FBX

facing brick suitable for use where a minimum variation in size, narrow color range, and high degree of mechanical perfection are required

FBS

facing brick suitable for use where a wider color range and greater variation in size are permitted

FBA

facing brick suitable for use where particular effects are desired resulting from non-uniformity in size, color, and texture of the individual units

soft-mud process

the process of forming brick by molding relatively wet clay having a moisture content of 20% to 30%

sand-struck brick

brick formed in the soft-mud process with a mold lined with sand to prevent sticking, producing a matte-textured surface

water-struck brick

brick formed in the soft-mud process with a mold lubricated with water to prevent sticking, producing a smooth, dense surface

stiff-mud process

the process of forming brick and structure tile by extruding stiff but plastic clay having a moisture content of 12% to 15% through a die and cutting the extrusion to length with wires before firing

dry-press process

the process of forming brick by molding relatively dry clay having a moisture content of 5% to 7% under high pressure, resulting in sharp-edged, smooth-surfaced bricks

kiln

a furnace or oven for burning, baking, or drying something

flashing

firing brick units alternately with too much or too little air to vary their face color

cull

a brick or timber rejected as being of inferior quality

brick grade

a designation indicating the durability of a brick unit when exposed to weathering

MW

brick suitable for exposure to moderate weathering, as when used above grade on surfaces unlikely to be permeated with water in subfreezing temperatures

SW

brick suitable for exposure to severe weathering, as when in contact with the ground or used on surfaces likely to be permeated with water in subfreezing temperatures

NW

brick suitable for exposure to negligible weathering, as when used as a backup or in interior masonry

firebrick

a brick made of fire clay and used for lining furnaces and fireplaces

fire clay

a refractory clay used in the making of firebricks, cubicles, and other objects exposed to high temperatures

refractory

a material having the ability to retain its physical shape and chemical identity when subjected to high temperatures

clinker

a dense, hard-burned brick used esp. for paving

absorption

the weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when immersed in either cold or boiling water for a stated length of time, expressed as a percentage of the weight of the dry unit

saturation coefficient

the ratio of the weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit immersed in cold water to the weight absorbed when immersed in boiling water, indicating the probable resistance of the brick to the action of freezing and thawing

suction

the weight of water absorbed by a clay masonry unit when partially immersed for one minute, expressed in grams or ounces per minute; also called "initial rate of absorption"

efflorescence

a white, powdery deposit that forms on an exposed masonry or concrete surface, caused by the leaching and crystallization of soluble salts from within the material

nominal dimension

a brick dimension larger than the actual dimension to account for the thickness of a mortar joint

modular brick

a brick having a nominal dimensions of 4 x 2 2/3 x 8 in. (102 x 68 x 203 mm)

norman brick

a brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 2 2/3 x 12 in. (102 x 68 x 305 mm)

SCR brick

brick having nominal dimensions of 6 x 2 2/3 x 12 in. (102 x 68 x 305 mm)

engineered brick

a brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 3 1/5 x 8 in. (102 x 81 x 203 mm)

norwegian brick

a brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 3 1/5 x 12 in. (102 x 81 x 305 mm)

roman brick

brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 2 x 12 in. (102 x 51 x 305 mm)

economy brick

a modular brick having nominal dimensions of 4 x 4 x 8 in. (102 x 102 x 203 mm)

soap

a brick or tile having normal face dimensions but a nominal thickness of 2 in. (51 mm)

bat

a brick cut transversely so as to leave one end whole

gauge

to chip or rub stones or bricks to a certain size or shape

stretcher

a brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the longer edge exposed or parallel to the surface [number 4]

header

a brick or other masonry unit laid horizontally in a wall with the shorter end exposed or parallel to the surface [number 5]

rowlock

a brick laid horizontally on the longer edge with the shorter end exposed [number 2]

soldier

a brick laid vertically with the longer face edge exposed [number 6]

sailor

a brick laid vertically with the broad face exposed [number 1]

shiner

a brick laid horizontally on the longer edge with the broad face exposed; also called "bull stretcher" [number 3]

brickwork

brick construction, esp. the art of bonding bricks effectively

bond

any various arrangements of masonry units having a regular, recognizable, usually overlapping pattern to increase the strength and enhance the appearance of the construction

running bond

a brickwork or masonry bond composed of overlapping stretchers; also called "stretcher bond"

common bond

a brickwork bond having a course of headers between every five or six courses of stretchers; also called "American bond"

closer

a masonry unit specifically formed or cut to finish a course or complete the bond at the corner of a wall

soldier course

a continuous course of soldiers in brickwork

stack bond

a brickwork or masonry bond having successive courses of stretchers with all head joints aligned vertically

stretching course

a continuous course of stretchers in brickwork

heading course

a continuous course of headers in brickwork

bond course

a continuous course of headers or bondstones overlapping more than one wythe of masonry

English bond

a brickwork bond having alternate courses of headers and stretchers in which the headers are centered on stretchers and the joints between stretchers line up vertically in all courses

queen closer

a brick of half the normal width, used for completing a course or for spacing regular bricks

English cross bond

a modified english bond in which the head joints in the stretching courses are offset by half the length of a stretcher; also called "Dutch bond"

Flemish bond

a brickwork bond having alternating headers and stretchers in each course, each header being centered above and below a stretcher

king closer

a three-quarter brick for finishing a course or for spacing regular bricks

Flemish cross bond

a modified flemish bond having courses of alternate headers and stretchers alternating with stretching courses

flare header

a brick having a darker end exposed as a header in patterned brickwork

Flemish diagonal bond

a form of flemish cross bond in which the courses are offset to form a diamond pattern

garden-wall bond

a brickwork bond for lightly loaded boundary walls, having a sequence of a header and three stretchers in each course, with each header being centered over a header in alternate courses