Organic Chemistry Functional Groups

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering the definitions and naming conventions of various functional groups and classes in organic chemistry based on the lecture notes.

Functional Groups

Atoms or groups of atoms found in organic compounds that give them their characteristic physical and chemical properties.

Class (Organic Chemistry)

Groups of organic compounds that contain the same functional group, though this is not to be confused with belonging to the same homologous series.

Alkane

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name alkyl and the IUPAC suffix $-ane$; examples include ethane.

Alkene

A class of organic compounds containing the alkenyl functional group, which consists of a carbon-carbon double bond $-C=C-$ and uses the suffix $-ene$.

Alkyne

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name alkynyl and the IUPAC suffix $-yne$; examples include ethyne.

Halogenoalkane

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name halogeno ($F-$, $Cl-$, $Br-$, $I-$) using IUPAC prefixes fluoro-, chloro-, bromo-, or iodo-.

Alcohol

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name hydroxyl, using the IUPAC prefix hydroxy- or the suffix $-ol$.

Aldehyde

A class of organic compounds containing the carbonyl (aldehyde) functional group formula $-CHO$ and using the suffix $-al$.

Ketone

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name carbonyl (ketone) and the IUPAC suffix $-one$; examples include propanone.

Carboxylic acid

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name carboxyl (acid) and the IUPAC suffix $-oic\ acid$.

Ether

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name alkoxy; examples include ethoxyethane.

Amine

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name amino and the IUPAC suffix $-amine$.

Amide

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name amido and the IUPAC suffix $-amide$.

Ester

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name ester (carboxyl) and the IUPAC suffix $-oate$; examples include methyl ethanoate.

Aromatics

A class of organic compounds with the functional group name phenyl, using the prefix phenyl- or suffix $-benzene$. Note that the specification does not require specific knowledge of aromatics/arenes as a class.