Forensics Unit 4 Part 1 Notes

AFIS

________: Automated Fingerprint Identification System is a database used by investigators at local, state, and national levels to search for matches to fingerprints found at a crime scene.

Impression evidence

________ can be photographed, lifted with tape, or cast with plaster to compare to a suspect's shoes or tires.

CLASSIFICATION

________- can determine the make of the gun by examining the bullet for the number of lands & grooves, direction of twist, and caliber.

INDIVIDUALIZE

________- Hairs with roots intact can be tested for DNA.

Investigators

________ examine the samples for chemical composition, pollen, plant material, and other organic matter to find links to a specific crime scene.

RECONSTRUCTION

________- Determine the order of bullets through glass, the direction of force that broke the window, who shot first, etc.

CLASSIFY

________: Physical and Chemical properties used to identify what a substance is.

Caliber

________ (handguns & rifles) or gauge (shotguns) refers to the size of the internal diameter of a gun's barrel.

Materials

________ used to make an explosive device will be compared to evidence found in the suspect's possession to confirm a match.

Wounds

________ can often be matched to weapons or tool marks on the weapon.

TRACE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

________ can match glass to the factory and batch number.

Scientists

________ may also be able to gain clues as to a person's past, recent injuries, or the cause of death based on bone fractures and other signs of trauma.

Sex

________- Determined by examining the pelvis, humerus, and femur.

Tools

________ may also pick up traces of blood or other substances that can be tested or have fingerprints that can be lifted.