Unit 7: Sectional Crisis & Civil War Review Flashcards

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers key individuals, legislation, and concepts from the mid-1800s sectional crisis and the start of the American Civil War as outlined in the Unit 7 lecture notes.

manumission

The act of an owner freeing or releasing their slaves from slavery; to set free.

13th Amendment

An amendment to the U.S. Constitution ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude following the American Civil War.

Abolitionist Movement

A historic movement in the Americas that sought to end the Atlantic slave trade and free all enslaved people, which saw a strong resurgence in the 1830s.

Quakers

A group from Pennsylvania among the earliest abolitionists who spoke out against the slave trade and slavery as early as 1715.

Pennsylvania Abolition Society

An organization founded by 1755 dedicated to the abolition of slavery.

William Llyod Garrison

The writer and creator of the prominent Boston newspaper 'The Liberator' and a leader who advocated for immediate emancipation.

The Liberator

A prominent abolitionist newspaper published in Boston, Massachusetts, created by William Llyod Garrison.

Frederick Douglass

A former enslaved person who became a leading advocate for the immediate emancipation of slaves.

Sojourner Truth

A former enslaved person who advocated for immediate emancipation and became a prominent figure in the abolitionist movement.

Harriet Tubman

A former enslaved person known for heroic actions and advocacy for the immediate emancipation of enslaved people.

Missouri Compromise

One of several compromise laws intended to resolve disputes between the North and South over the expansion of slavery into western territories.

Compromise of 1850

A legislative attempt to resolve the issue of slavery expansion that ultimately failed to prevent the American Civil War.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A law passed to address conflict over slavery in new territories; it was part of a series of compromises that failed to prevent civil war.

Fugitive Slave Law

A law passed as part of the attempts to resolve sectional disputes over slavery between the North and South.

Dred Scott decision

A Supreme Court ruling that enslaved people were not citizens and had no rights, and that the property rights of slave owners could not be violated.

Bleeding Kansas

A factor and period of conflict that contributed to the United States' slide toward civil war.

John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry

A significant event and factor that contributed to the nationwide progression toward the Civil War.

Election of 1860

The election of Abraham Lincoln as president, which prompted the South to secede due to fears that he would abolish slavery.

Abraham Lincoln

The president elected in 1860 who refused to allow Southern secession and sent military troops to the South, marking the start of the Civil War.

Southern Economy

An economy in the mid-1800s that was entirely based on the profits generated from unpaid slave labor.

Northern Economy

An economy that, while moving toward abolition, included manufacturers who benefited from cheap cash crops like cotton produced by slave labor.

Document-Based Question (DBQ)

A specific question format used on historical assessments for Unit 7: Sectional Crisis & Civil War.

Level 1 (1) terms

Simple vocabulary words or tools for historians that require only a few words or phrases to define.

Level 2 (2) terms

Historical terms requiring 1-2 sentences to provide the basic historical definition and context.

Level 3 (3) terms

Major terms requiring a detailed identification paragraph including who, what, when, where, and why/significance.