ANAPHY PREFI

Astrocytes

star-shaped cells that maintain a

neuron’s working environment

Oligodendrocytes

glial cells in the CNS that insulate axons with myelin

Microglia

the brain's immune cells, protecting it from injury and disease by identifying problems and removing toxic agents or dead cells

Ependymal cells

glial cells that filter blood to produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which circulates through the CNS

choroid plexus

specialized structure in the ventricles where ependymal cells come in contact with blood vessels and filter and absorb components of the blood to produce cerebrospinal f luid

Satellite cells

found in sensory and autonomic ganglia, where they surround the cell bodies of neurons

Schwann Cell

insulate axons with myelin in the periphery

Nervous tissue

composed of two types of cells, neurons and glial cells

Neurons

primary type of cell that most anyone associates with the nervous system

SOMA

contains the nucleus

AXON

a fiber that emerges from the cell body and projects to target cells

PROCESSES

extensions of a neuron

DENDRITES

processes of the neuron, which receive information from other neurons at specialized areas of contact

SYNAPSES

specialized areas of contact

axon hillock

tapered region where the axon emerges from the cell body, transitioning into the axon’s initial segment

nodes of Ranvier

Myelin has gaps called ____

Unipolar cells

have one process emerging from the cell body, which splits into two branches

Bipolar cells

two processes, which extend from each end of the cell body, opposite to each other

Multipolar neurons

those with one axon and two or more dendrites, typically many more

Purkinje cell

multipolar neuron in the cerebellum, essential for its function

central nervous system

It consists of your brain and spinal cord

central nervous system

it collects information from your sensory nerves to process and respond to them.

peripheral nervous system

includes the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord

nervous system

receiving information about the environment around us (sensation) and generating responses to that information (motor responses)

SENSATION

first major function of the nervous system

SENSATION

receiving information about the environment to gain input about what is happening outside the body (or, sometimes, within the body

stimulus

The sensory functions of the nervous system register the presence of a change from homeostasis or a particular event in the environment

RESPONSE

the movement of muscles, such as withdrawing a hand from a hot stove, but there are broader uses of the term

INTEGRATION

Stimuli that are received by sensory structures are communicated to the nervous system where that information is processed

somatic nervous system

responsible for conscious perception and voluntary motor responses

autonomic nervous system

The responsible for involuntary control of the body, usually for the sake of homeostasis