M11 HG&D

Ruth was 5'8 tall when she was 16. When her daughter Merry was 16, she was 5'10 tall. Amanda, Merry's daughter and Ruth's granddaughter, has turned 16 and she is 6'0 feet tall. This pattern illustrates the _____ in development.

secular trend

According to a study conducted by the University of Michigan called Monitoring the Future, more adolescents report that they engage in ________ as compared to smoking cigarettes.

vaping

In the context of gender differences in cognitive development, which of the following is true of visual–spatial tasks?

Boys begin to outperform girls in these tasks starting at age eight or nine.

Androgens are responsible for the development of the ________ during puberty.

clitoris

Which of the following statements is true of the primary sex characteristics in males and females?

Seminal vesicles are a primary sex characteristic in males, while the uterus is a primary sex characteristic in females.

Models who present with an unusually slender frame may send messages to adolescent girls about what they should strive to look like. This can be a factor in the development of ________.

anorexia nervosa

In the context of psychological development, which of the following is true of early-maturing boys?

They are more likely to be leaders in school.

Which of the following allow adolescents to more fully comprehend the real world and to play with the world that dwells within the mind alone?

Hypothetical thinking and deductive reasoning

Which of the following is true of adolescents' growth patterns in weight?

The period of peak growth in weight occurs about a year and a half after the onset of the spurt in height.

According to the study in 2011 by Chapman and colleagues, which of the following is true of adolescent school dropouts?

Adolescents from low-income households are at greater risk of dropping out from school.

Klaus, a 14-year-old boy, notices that he is developing underarm hair. This hair growth is an example of ___________.

a secondary sex characteristic

_____ is a system in which glands regulate each other's functioning through a series of hormonal messages.

Feedback loop

In the context of puberty, which of the following is true?

Sex hormones, released by the pituitary gland during puberty, stimulate the hypothalamus, perpetuating the feedback loop.

Which of the following is a potential benefit of adolescent employment?

Adolescents who work develop a sense of responsibility, self-reliance, and discipline.

Mike, a 16-year-old high school student, derives most of his political views from his father who is politically conservative. Mike often discusses politics with his classmates. He disagrees with his classmates who have democratic views, but he can see things from their point of view. This allows him to reason with them without hurting any sentiments. This scenario illustrates Mike's __________.

formal operational thinking

Physical growth occurs more rapidly in a person's _____ than at any other time after birth, with the exception of the first year of infancy.

adolescent years

Postconventional thought that occurs during adolescence relies on ______________.

formal thinking as a prerequisite

Identify a true statement about gender differences in cognitive abilities.

Girls make more prelinguistic vocalizations than boys.

_____ stems from the small amount of female sex hormones secreted by the testes.

Gynecomastia

Which of the following statements defines asynchronous growth?

It is an unbalanced growth, such as the growth that occurs during the early part of adolescence and causes many adolescents to appear gawky.