LKZ221 Stress effects on coast and sea

Sustainable development

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Weak sustainability

Sustainability when natural and human made capital can replace each other, so environmental loss is acceptable if technology or economic growth compensates for the damage

Strong sustainability

Sustainability that states that nature is irriplacable and must be preserved. Some ecosystem functions can’t be replaced by technology. It focusses on protecting biodiversity and ecosystem functioning

Social ecological system

humans and ecosystems are interconnected and influence each other. Ecosystems provide services and resources, while humans place pressures on ecosystems.

Ecosystem services

Services that ecosystems provide that focusses on the benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems

Provisioning ecosystem service

Ecosystem service where humans directly obtain from ecosystems such as food, water and climate regulation

Regulating services

Ecosystem service that regulates environmental conditions such as climate regulation and coastal protection

Cultural services

Ecosystem service that provides services like recreation, tourism and aesthetic value

Supporting services

Ecosystem services that are underlying ecological processes that make other ecosystem services possible like primary production.E

Ecosystem functioning

The set of natural processes through which an ecosystem itself is running.

Abiotic factors

Non-living physical and chemical elements in the environment that influence ecosystems and living organisms. These factors include sunlight, temperature, water, soil, and nutrients, which collectively help shape the habitat and affect the distribution and behavior of organisms.

Biotic factors

are the living components of an ecosystem that influence the survival, growth, and interactions of organisms within it. such as predation and competition

Natures contribution to people

Refers to the benefits and services that ecosystems provide to humans, including provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services that enhance human well-being.

Planetary boundaries

Ecological limits within humanity can safely operate (Stable state), it highlights the importance of functions to avoid irriversible environmental change. The world can easily shift into a less stable state if we keep pushing the planetary boundaries

Hollow state

THe state where the earth bounces back after pushing

tipping point

When planetary boundaries get crossed and the earth will change into a different state

Population density

number of individuals living per unit area or volume, typically expressed as people per square kilometer or square mile. It provides insights into how crowded an area is and can affect various environmental and social factors, such as resource availability, habitat quality, and human interactions.

Optimal range

Range where abiotic and biotic factors are in the optimal range and population density is at its highest

Zone of stress

Range where biotic and abiotic factors move away from the optimum, fewer individuals can survive and reproduce

Zone of intollerance

Abiotic and biotic factors are so low where some species can be absent entirely