Urinalysis and Specific Gravity Study Set

Flashcards covering urine analysis, specific gravity ranges, clinical conditions like porphyria, and laboratory procedures for refractometry and osmometry.

Sweet/fruity urine odor

A pathological condition likely indicative of ketones.

Colligative property

A property that depends on the number of solute particles present in solution.

Healthy urine sample

A sample that may appear cloudy.

Porphyria

A pathological condition that causes urine to appear with a port red wine color.

Refractometry Specific Gravity Correction (Glucose)

Subtract $0.004$ for every $1\,g$ on glucose in the urine.

Specific gravity of $1.010$

A cause for concern as it may indicate the kidneys are not concentrating urine.

Urine osmolality in extreme dehydration

The urine osmolality values will increase.

Refractometer Calibration

Requires the use of 1. Distilled water and 2. Sodium chloride solution.

Osmometry

The best method for indicating urine concentration, as it is not affected by protein and/or glucose.

Order a test for homogentisic acid

The best course of action if a urine specimen turns black after sitting at room temperature.

Specific gravity units

No units.

Molality units

$mols/kg$ solute.

Plasma osmometry

A useful technique for determining possible ingestion of toxins.

Isosthenuric

A specific gravity value of $1.010$.

Not urine

A specific gravity value less than $1.002$.

Radiographic dyes

Likely cause for a urine specific gravity value greater than $1.040$.

Normal specific gravity

A specific gravity value of $1.020$.