Neurons - Function

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Last updated 4:42 AM on 4/10/26
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25 Terms

1
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How can neurons be classified?

  • According to their structure and function

2
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What are the three structural classifications of neurons?

  • Multipolar

  • Bipolar

  • Unipolar

3
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Where are multipolar neurons found?

  • CNS and PNS

  • Most common neuron

<ul><li><p>CNS and PNS</p></li><li><p>Most common neuron</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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What is the structural feature of multipolar neurons?

  • One axon and many dendrites

5
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Where are bipolar neurons found?

  • Rare

  • Special sense organs

<ul><li><p>Rare</p></li><li><p>Special sense organs</p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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What is the structural feature of bipolar neurons?

  • One dendrite and one axon with the cell body in between

7
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Where are unipolar neurons found?

  • PNS

<ul><li><p>PNS</p></li></ul><p></p>
8
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What is the structural feature of unipolar neurons?

  • Single process that splits into peripheral and central processes

9
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What do the receptive endings of unipolar neurons do?

  • Receive sensory input

10
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What do sensory neurons do?

  • Conduct sensory input from receptors to the CNS

<ul><li><p>Conduct sensory input from receptors to the CNS</p></li></ul><p></p>
11
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What structural type are sensory neurons?

  • Unipolar

12
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What do interneurons do?

  • Conduct information within the CNS

<ul><li><p>Conduct information within the CNS</p></li></ul><p></p>
13
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What structural type are interneurons?

  • Multipolar

14
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What do motor neurons do?

  • Conduct motor output away from the CNS to a muscle or gland

15
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What structural type are motor neurons?

  • Multipolar

16
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What do lower motor neurons conduct?

  • Somatic motor output

<ul><li><p>Somatic motor output</p></li></ul><p></p>
17
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What do preganglionic and postganglionic neurons conduct?

  • Autonomic motor output

<ul><li><p>Autonomic motor output</p></li></ul><p></p>
18
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What function do neurons perform?

  • Neural communication

19
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What does neuron structure allow them to do?

  • Detect stimuli

  • Generate electrical signals

  • Conduct sensory input and motor output

20
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What electrical signals do neurons generate?

  • Graded potentials

  • Action potentials

21
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What does sensory input travel through to reach the CNS?

  • Sensory neurons in nerves

22
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What does motor output travel through to reach muscles or glands?

  • Motor neurons in nerves

23
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What types of information can neurons conduct?

  • Sensory input to the CNS

  • Sensory input within the CNS

  • Motor output within the CNS

  • Motor output from the CNS to an effector

24
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What is the pathway of sensory input?

  • Sensory receptor → Sensory neurons → CNS

25
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What is the pathway of motor output?

  • CNS → Motor neurons → Muscle or gland