Italian Possessives - adjectives and pronouns

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Last updated 7:28 PM on 4/28/26
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35 Terms

1
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Possessive Adjectives vs. Pronouns

Adjectives precede a noun (il mio libro); Pronouns replace a noun (è il mio).

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Determining the correct form

Must know: 1) Who is the owner? and 2) What is the gender/number of the item owned?

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Agreement Rule (Critical)

Possessives agree with the OWNED thing, not the owner (e.g., His/Her car is always "la sua macchina").

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Article Requirement

Most possessives require a definite article (il mio, la tua, i nostri…).

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Indefinite Article Usage

Use "un/una" for "one of many" (e.g., Un mio caro amico - A dear friend of mine).

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"Loro" (Special Rule)

Invariable word; stays "loro" regardless of gender/number of items owned.

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io (my/mine)

il mio / la mia / i miei / le mie

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tu (your/yours)

il tuo / la tua / i tuoi / le tue

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lui/lei (his/her/hers)

il suo / la sua / i suoi / le sue

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Lei (your/yours formal)

il Suo / la Sua / i Suoi / le Sue

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noi (our/ours)

il nostro / la nostra / i nostri / le nostre

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voi (your/yours plural)

il vostro / la vostra / i vostri / le vostre

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loro (their/theirs)

il loro / la loro / i loro / le loro

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Whose is it? (Di chi è…?)

Answers like "È mio" or "È tua" do not use articles (Except for "loro").

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Emphasis on ownership

Moving the possessive to the end: "Lo stereo è mio!" (The stereo is MINE!).

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Common fixed phrases

"Piacere mio!" (My pleasure), "a casa mia" (at my house), "colpa sua" (his/her fault).

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Singular Family Members

No article: "Mia madre", "tuo zio", "nostra zia".

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Plural family members

Requires article: "I miei fratelli", "le mie zie".

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Family member with adjective

Requires article: "La mia zia intraprendente" (My resourceful aunt).

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Using "Loro" with family

Always requires article: "Il loro padre", "la loro nonna".

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Diminutive family names

Requires article: "La mia sorellina", "il mio fratellino".

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Possessive Pronouns (Family)

Requires article: "Mia zia ha una bici, la tua ha un'auto".

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"I miei / I tuoi / I suoi" (Slang)

Refers to "my/your/his/her parents".

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"I nostri / I vostri" for parents

Incorrect; you must say "I nostri genitori".

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Possessives in Comparisons

Use articulated prepositions like "della": "La nostra moto è più veloce della vostra".

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No "it" in possessives

Agreement is based strictly on the noun's gender (il suo/la sua).

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His bike is blue, but hers is red.

La sua bici è blu, ma la sua è rossa.

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My scooter (masc.)

Il mio motorino.

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My car (fem.)

La mia macchina.

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A dear friend of his…

Un suo caro amico…

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It's mine. (Answer to "whose?")

È mio.

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It's theirs. (Answer to "whose?")

È la loro. (Exception: loro keeps article).

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My uncle has a Fiat, yours has a Ferrari.

Mio zio ha una Fiat, il tuo ha una Ferrari.

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My parents take the train.

I miei genitori prendono il treno.

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Our motorbike is faster than yours.

La nostra moto è più veloce della vostra.