Religions of East Asia: Taoism, Confucianism & Shintoism

This collection of flashcards covers key concepts and terminology related to the religions of East Asia, including Taoism, Confucianism, and Shintoism, aiding in exam preparation.

Taoism

A religion and philosophy emphasizing living in harmony with the Tao, which is seen as the cosmic principle governing all things.

Confucianism

A philosophical system based on the teachings of Confucius, focusing on morality, family loyalty, and social harmony.

Shintoism

The indigenous spirituality of Japan, focused on kami (spirits), rituals, and practices connected to nature.

Mandate of Heaven

A Chinese political and religious doctrine used to justify the rule of the Emperor, believed to be divinely chosen.

Wu-wei

A key principle in Taoism meaning 'non-action' or 'effortless action,' encouraging naturalness and spontaneity.

Ancestor Worship

A practice honoring the spirits of deceased ancestors, whose guidance and blessings are sought.

Kami

Spirits in Shintoism believed to inhabit aspects of the natural world and influence the lives of the living.

Analects

A collection of sayings and ideas attributed to Confucius and his disciples, central to Confucian philosophy.

Neo-Confucianism

A revival of Confucian thought during the Song dynasty, combining Confucianism with Buddhist and Daoist elements.

Filial Piety

A virtue of respect for one's parents, elders, and ancestors, central to Confucian ethics.

Ch'in Dynasty

The first imperial dynasty of China (221–206 BCE) that laid the foundations for the future structure of the Chinese state.

Tao

Translated as 'The Way,' it represents the source, pattern, and substance of everything that exists.

Harvest Moon Festival

A traditional festival in Chinese culture celebrating the autumn harvest, often involving family gatherings and paying respect to ancestors.

Edo Period

A period in Japanese history (1600-1868) marked by the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate and a policy of national seclusion.

Meiji Restoration

The period starting in 1868 when Japan underwent rapid modernization and industrialization, ending over 200 years of feudalism.

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha), emphasizing the path to enlightenment.