Exam 2 - Vitamin K

what is the form of vitamin k that is found in green plants and is the majority of vitamin k that we eat

phylloquinone -K1

what is the alternative name for vitamin k

phylloquinone

what is the form of vitamin k that is made by bacteria in the LI and found in animals

menaquinone - K2

does vitamin k require digestion? how is it absorbed?

no

micelles via passive diffusion

where is phylloquinone stored

cell membranes of lungs, kidneys, bone marrow, pancreas, heart, brain, and adrenals

how quickly does the liver metabolize vitamin k? what does this mean?

rapidly, we need to eat it every day

what is a major function of vitamin k

act as a coenzyme

when acting as a coenzyme, vitamin k makes ____ by adding carboxylic acid to a structure

carboxyglutamate

why is carboxyglutamate production and important function of vitamin K

they are calcium binding sites and are found on clotting factors

carboxyglutamate is required for what functions

clotting, bone formation

what are major sources of phylloquinones

dark leafy greens, broccoli, kiwi, beans, peas

what are major sources of menaquinones

natto (fermented soybeans), meat, dairy, eggs

who is at risk for vitamin k deficiency

newborns, malab patients, those who have prolonged antibiotic use

because newborns are at risk for vitamin k deficiency, what are they often given at birth

vitamin k shot to prevent bleeding in the brain

what are symptoms of hypovitaminosis K

increased bleeding, poor bone growth

is there a tolerable upper limit for vitamin k

no