Epistasis in Genetics: Definitions, Types, and Phenotypic Ratios
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22 Terms
What is epistasis?
where one gene interferes with the expression of another gene.
Who first described epistasis?
William Bateson and Reginald Punnett
What organism was used when epistasis was first described?
Sweet peas
What does it mean if one gene is epistatic to another?
The epistatic gene masks the expression of the other gene.
What is a hypostatic gene?
gene that gets masked
In epistasis, what happens if gene #1 becomes inactive and gene #2 depends on it?
Gene #2 will not be expressed.
Epistasis is often associated with what?
Gene pathways in which the expression of one gene depends on another gene.
What are the 6 types of epistasis?
Dominant Epistasis, Recessive Epistasis, Duplicate Recessive Epistasis, Dominant Gene Interaction, Duplicate Dominant Epistasis, and Dominant and Recessive Interaction
What is the phenotypic ratio for Dominant Epistasis?
12:3:1
What is the phenotypic ratio for Recessive Epistasis?
9:3:4
What is the phenotypic ratio for Duplicate Recessive Epistasis?
9:7
What is the phenotypic ratio for Dominant Gene Interaction?
9:6:1
What is the phenotypic ratio for Duplicate Dominant Genes?
15:1
What is the phenotypic ratio for Dominant and Recessive Interaction?
13:3
Define locus
Location of a gene on a chromosome
What is Dominant Epistasis?
When the dominant allele at one gene masks the expression of another gene.
What is Recessive Epistasis?
When recessive alleles at one gene mask both dominant and recessive alleles at another gene.
What is Duplicate Recessive Epistasis?
When either or both genes are homozygous recessive and produce the same phenotype.
What is Dominant Gene Interaction?
A phenotype depends on dominant alleles of two genes working together.
What is Duplicate Dominant Genes?
A dominant allele at either of two different genes causes the same trait
What is Dominant and Recessive Interaction?
When dominant alleles of one gene and homozygous recessive alleles of another locus produce the same phenotype.
What is a standard dihybrid cross?
A cross involving two different genes