Presidency/Bureaucracy

Veto

Right for President to reject a decision or proposal made by Congress

Pocket Veto

President takes no action on a bill for 10 days while Congress is adjourned

Commander-In-Chief

President is supreme commander of the nations armed forces, command authority over military

War Powers Resolution

Declare war without Congress approval, must still notify Congress

Presidential pardon

Exoneration of a person convicted of a federal crime

Expressed Powers of the Presidency

Powers explicitly granted to the President

Informal Powers of the Presidency

Inherent or implied powers of the President

How has the Presidency expanded beyond its expressed constitutional powers?

Societal expectations and responses to new crises may change how the Constitution can be interpreted

What are the ways in which Congress checks the President?

Override of veto, power of the purse, impeachment and removal, confirmation of appointments, treaty ratification, war powers, legislative oversight, regulate commerce, passing legislation

What are the ways in which Judiciary checks the President?

Judicial renew, habeas corpus, interpreting executive orders and actions, review of admin actions, constitutional challenges, checks on war powers, presidential immunity, ensuring due process, preparation of civil liberties

How does Fed 70 describe the Presidency?

Needs to be energetic and strong. THey should be held responsible and accountable.

The 22nd Amendment

President can only serve two terms

The State of the Union Address

Annual speech delivered by the President, outlines legislative agenda, assessment of current state, addresses key policy priorities/initiatives

The Bully Pulpit

President using high profile position to influence and shape political opinion

Agenda Setting

President’s ability to influence and prioritize the issues addressed in Congress

The Take Care Clause

President should enforce and uphold the laws of the U.S.

Judicial Appointment and Process

President can nominate federal judges, including Supreme Court Justices

Impeachment

President can be charged by the House of Representatives and Senate and can be removed

Explain how the president’s agenda can create tension and frequent confrontations with Congress

Different opinions can lead to certain members of Congress to be unhappy with what policies and issues they are tackling and taking priority over

Explain how the president can implement a policy agenda

The president can use strategic planning, coordination with government agencies, engaging with Congress and the public, and navigating potential challenges.

Bureaucracy

Smaller government organizations tasked with implementing laws

The 4th Branch

Media

Implementing Rules/Laws (Implementation)

Translating the laws made by Congress into specific routines

What checks do the Bureaucracy have on Congress?

Expertise/knowledge, public opinion, implementation

What checks do Congress have on the Bureaucracy?

Committee hearings, powers of the purse, compliance monitoring

Rule Making

The production of rules by government agencies

Administrative adjucation

Applying rules and precedents to specific cases to settles disputes with regulated parties

Red Tape

Time-consuming regulations of bureaucratic procedures

Civil Services/Civil Service Exam

Professional job in the US government

Pendleton Act

Establishes civil service commission to reward jobs based on competitiveness not patronage

Hatch Act

Civil service employees must stay partisan and remain politically neutral

Nepotism

Family/friends have a one-up on employment

Office of Personnel Management

Manages civil service of the federal government manages health insurance retirement

Regulatory Agency

Sets, enforce, publicize licensing requirements, quality standards, and conduct rules

Administrative Agency

Any part of the bureaucracy that administers law or makes rule or regulations

Independent Agency

Agencies that exist outside of the federal executive branch, independent of Presidential control

Federal Reserve System

Central banking system

Oversight

Legislators determine whether current laws and appropriations are achieving results

Regulation vs Deregulation

Regulation - government should intervene (liberal)

Deregulation - government should not interfere (conservative)

Privatization

The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control

Cabinet System - What are the roles of the cabinet members and how do they interact with the bureaucracy?

Oversee specific policy areas, manage federal agencies, key advisors to President

Freedom of Information Act

The right for the public to request access to records and info held by agencies

Whistleblower Protection Act

Protects federal employees who report government wrongdoings or misconduct

Discretionary Authority

The freedom of power granted for agencies to make decisions and implement policies

Iron Triangle

Policy making relationship between Congress, Interest Groups, and Bureaucracy

Issue Network

Consist of people in interest groups, on congressional staffs, in bureaucratic agencies, universities, and mass media

Spoilssystem

Officials reward supporters with government jobs and appointments

Merit System

Process of hiring employees based on qualifications and job performance

Civil Service Reform Act

Created foundation for modern merit system

FBI

Federal Bureau of Investigation

IRS

Internal Revenue Service, collects taxes and enforces tax laws

Federal Elections Commission

Independent agency that regulates campaign finance

Appropriations

U.S. Government allocates funds for different programs and activities

Power of the Purse

Congress controls spending of U.S. government

Explain how the federal bureaucracy uses delegated discretionary authority for rulemaking and implementation

The federal bureaucracy takes laws given by the federal government and interprets them. They choose how to rule make and implement to carry out the law.

Explain how the president ensures that executive branch agencies and departments carry out their responsibilities in concert with the goals of the administration

The president makes appointments to determine who is going to lead the agencies. They make the executive orders which are up to the bureaucracy to carry out. The President also oversees the budget priorities and manages the government’s finances.