BIO 204 (biomedical terms) Final Exam Prep

Autocrine

Chemical signal that elicits a response in the same cell that secreted it.

Endocrine gland

Tissue or organ that secretes hormones into the blood and lymph without ducts such that they may be transported to organs distant from the site of secretion.

Endocrine system

Cells, tissues, and organs that secrete hormones as a primary or secondary function and play an integral role in normal bodily processes.

Epinephrine

Also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter and produced by the adrenal glands.

Exocrine system

Cells, tissues, and organs that secrete substances directly to target tissues via glandular ducts.

Hormone

Secretion of an endocrine organ that travels via the bloodstream or lymphatics to induce a response in target cells or tissues in another part of the body.

Neurotransmitter

Chemicals acting as signaling molecules that enable neurotransmission.

Norepinephrine

A natural chemical in the body that acts as both a stress hormone and neurotransmitter (a substance that sends signals between nerve cells). It's released into the blood as a stress hormone when the brain perceives stress.

Paracrine

Chemical signal that elicits a response in neighboring cells; also called paracrine factor.

Permeability

Membrane that causes it to allow liquids or gases to pass through it.

Proliferation

Rapid increase in numbers.

Synthesis

The production of chemical compounds by reaction from simpler materials.

hypo-

(below, under, deficient)

hyper-

(above, excessive)

para-

(around, beside, beyond, abnormal)

syn-

(joined, together)

pan-

(all, total)

-al

(pertaining to)

-drome

(run, running together)

-ectomy

(excision, cut out)

-emia

(in the blood)

-ia

(condition of, abnormal state, diseased state)

-ism

(state of)

-itis

(inflammation)

-logist

(specialist or physician who studies and treats)

-logy

(study of)

-megaly

(enlarged, enlargement)

-oid

(resembling)

-oma

(tumour)

-pathy

(disease)

-plasia

(condition of, formation, development, growth)

-tomy

(incision, cut into)

a-

absence of, without

bi-

two

brady-

slow

pan-

all, total

tachy-

fast, rapid

tri-

three

epi-

on, upon, over

inter-

between

peri-

surrounding, around

endo-

within, in

hypo-

below, deficient

hyper-

above, excessive

atri/o

atrium

cardi/o

heart

ech/o

sound

electr/o

electricity

symptomat/o

symptom

valv/o

valve

valvul/o

valve

ventricul/o

ventricle

-ac

pertaining to

-apheresis

removal

-ar

pertaining to

-centesis

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid

-ectomy

excision, surgical removal

-genic

producing, originating, causing

-gram

record, radiographic image

-graph

instrument used to record

-graphy

process of recording, radiographic imaging

-ia

condition of, diseased state, abnormal state

-ic

pertaining to

-itis

inflammation

-lysis

loosening, dissolution, separating

-megaly

enlarged, enlargement

-oma

tumour

-osis

abnormal condition

-tomy

cut into, incision

-ous

pertaining to

-pathy

disease

-penia

abnormal reduction in number

-pexy

surgical fixation, suspension

-plasty

surgical repair

-poiesis

formation

-sclerosis

hardening

-scope

instrument used to view

-scopy

process of viewing

-stasis

stop, stopping, controlling

-stenosis

narrowing, constriction

ACS

acute coronary syndrome

AFib

atrial fibrillation

AV

atrioventricular

BP

blood pressure

CABG

coronary artery bypass graft

CAD

coronary artery disease

CCU

coronary care unit, cardiac care unit

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

ECG, EKG

electrocardiogram

ECHO

echocardiogram

HF

Heart Failure

HHD

hypertensive heart disease

HTN

hypertension

IV

intravenous

MI

Myocardial Infarction

PAD

peripheral artery disease

PTCA

percutaneous tranluminal coronary angioplasty

SPECT

single-photon emission computed tomography

TEE

transesophageal echocardiogram