484 Music Exam 3

Anthropology, Charlie Parker & Dizzy Gillespie

-bepop with contrafact on I got Rhythm

So What, Miles Davis

-Modal jazz with unfolding melody

A Boy Named Sue, Johnny Cash

-country song (tells a story rural living, heartbreak, hope)

Hound Dog, Elvis Presley

-popular rock cover of R&B song, 12 bar blues

Music of Change Book 1, Cage

-music is left to chance, choosing sounds based on Chinese

Poeme Electronique, Varese

-electronic music created as an experience

Threnody for Victims of Hiroshima, Penderecki

-interdeterminacy, graphic score that measures time by seconds

Seven Tunes Heard in China No 1, Sheng

-fusion of western european classical and chinese folk

Partita for 8 voices 1st mvt, Shaw

-acapella vocal work, baroque form

Seven Magnificat Antiphons No 1, Part

-tintinnabuli, bell like

Come Out, Reich

-lopped tape repeated to create phasing effect

Vertige, Legeti

-overlapping descending lines, vertigo feeling

La Pasion sugun San Marcos, Scorn and Denial, Golijov

-passion with latin american popular music influences

Doctor Atomic, Batter my Heart, Adams

-fusion of opera and minnmalism

Blue Cathedral, Higdon

-modern impressionism featuring flute and clarinet

Good Vibrations, The Beach Boys

-first rock song with extensive studio mixing

Hurt, Nine Inch Nails

-controlled music, prerecorded music plus uncontrolled, live rock band

Hey Jude, The Beatles

-rock song with extended coda

The good, the bad, and the ugly, Main title, Morricone

-film score with whistling and sound effects

Super Mario Bros, Main theme, Kondo

-first popular video game melody

Final Fantasy Series, Main Theme, Uematsu

-digitally sampled orchestral video game music

Rapper’s Delight, The Sugarhill Gang

-first published hip hop song

How did access to music change

-recordings, tv, radio, records, records made it so people could buy and play music

Bebop def

fast, complex, energetic

Cool jazz def

relaxed, slow, smooth

Modal jazz def

varied tempo, more freedom, fewer chords

Avant-garde jazz def

free, not lots of rules

Britten composer

simplified modernism, tonal, messages about peace

Cage composer

avant garde, used coin flips to decide what happens

Beatles band

rock quartet that kicked off British invasion

Country music

white southerners, stories, heartbreak, twang

Grand ol opry

made Nashville important for country music. Made music on tv

R&B def

driving beat, electric guitar, 12 bar blues. African American audience

Rock and roll def

driving beat, mild guitar, electric guitar, White teen audience

British invasion

rock groups from England, took over America

Hip hop

popular music from 1970s, rap, DJs

Connection between universities and art music composition

-composers at uni had more freedom and time

Prepared piano

objects put  between piano strings

Indeterminacy def

aspects to music is left unspecified

Synthesizer def

machine that can make electronic sounds

Third stream def

jazz and classical music merge

Changes to the audience experience

-listeners going through untraditional things

-Cage, 4.33

-surprising the audience

-can participate in music more

Examples of blurring the lines between genres

-rock and roll: R&B, country music guitar

-fusion jazz: jazz with electric guitar and rock beat

Minimalism def

repeating patterns, no emotion

Glass

American minimalist

Sheng

asian and western european classical styles

Higdon

accessible modernism

Impact of world music on American music

-Western and nonwestern traditions are influencing each other

-because of recordings and technology

Music and sales psychology

-Recording studios are down, since people have recordings at home

Sampling and ethics

-previously recorded music put in one. People get mad they're using music without permission. 

Copyright issues

Foley def

recorded sound effects, to film

Echo def

delayed repetition of a sound

Jingle def

catchy tune in advertising

Sampling def

previously recorded music put in 1

Waveforms def

graphic representation of sound waves

Noise def

unwanted sound, mixed of frequencies

Video game music challenges

-more complex orchestration

-certain sounds for certain actions

Decentralization of music production

-anyone can create, record, and distribute music

Essays: Technological advancements and their impact on music

-records with 3-4 min per slide

-radio: widespread music access

-global communication: access to different music, leads to rise of world music fusions

-music videos: Elvis

How the demographics of music consumers impacted music composition

-Age: teenagers liked rock, going against authority

-Location: south liked country

-Race: R&B made for African Americans

-Niche music: genres for more niche audiences. Women rock, Christian rock

Challenges to the fundamental questions of music

-What is music? We have to ask this because music has changed so much.

-What counts as musical sound? Wailing piano strings? Brooms?

-How should we listen to music? Bomb into the audience? In the car?

-What is a composition? 4.33? 

How composers showed their individual style

-Personal connections: writing music in memory of people

-Audience appeal: Beatles, had long coda so people could sing along

-Challenge expectations: 4.33, challenging what music can be

-Politics: Threnody: Hiroshima. Paints the picture with the music