programming fundaments what

Define variables

storing data in memory

Define a constant

fixed data that cannot change during the execution of the program

what is an iteration

repeating sections of code (for loops, while loops, until loops)

what is a sequence

execution one instruction after another

what is a selection

program branching depending on a condition (if values and switch/select or case statements)

what is the difference between for and while loops

for = fixed number of times

while= runs until condition is met

what is an array

a collection of multiple values stored in one variable

what does range(1,5) do

generates number 1 to 4

what is casting

converting one data type into another

what is a string

a sequence of charaters

what is an interger

a whole number

what is a character

a single character

what is a real/ float

decimal number

what is boolean

answer with two possible values

what is a global variable

can be used at any point within the whole program

what is a local variable

can only be used within that subroutine

advantages of a global variable

can be used anywhere in the whole program

can be used for constants

makes maintenance easier

advantages of local variables

saves memory

you can reuse subroutines

easier to debug local variables