APWH Unit 6 Checkpoint - Vocab

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Imperialism

A period of colonial expansion by European powers, the U.S., and Japan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Social Darwinism

The application of biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology, economics, and politics.

White Man’s Burden

A poem that encourages the U.S. to assume colonial control over the Philippines, illustrating Western neo-colonialism's false good intentions.

Anticolonialism

Resistance movements directed against colonial and imperial powers.

Christian Missions

Organized efforts to carry out evangelism or other activities in the name of the Christian faith.

Congo Free State

A large state and absolute monarchy in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908, privately owned by King Leopold II.

Settler Colonialism

Colonialism where foreign settlers permanently move to non-native land to strengthen colonial dominance.

Sphere of Influence

A spatial region over which a state or organization has a level of exclusivity.

Suez Canal

An artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea.

Sepoy Mutiny

A major uprising in India in 1857–58 against British rule.

British Raj

The rule of the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent.

Open Door Policy

A U.S. diplomatic policy calling for equal trade and investment in Qing China.

Xhosa

A Bantu ethnic group primarily from the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

Raw Materials

Basic materials used to produce goods, energy, or intermediate materials.

Finished Goods

Products that are ready for sale.

Quinine

A medication used to treat malaria, isolated from the cinchona tree's bark.

Guano

Accumulated excrement of seabirds or bats, effective as a fertilizer.

Palm Oil

An edible oil derived from the fruit of oil palms, used in food, beauty products, and as biofuel.

Opium

A dried latex from the opium poppy used in medicinal and illegal drugs.

Urbanization

The population shift from rural to urban areas and how societies adapt to this change.

Industrial Crops

Crops grown to produce goods for manufacturing rather than food.

Economic Imperialism

Domination of colonized economies by their rulers or foreign companies.

Migration

The movement of people intending to settle in a new location.

Standard of Living

The level of income and services available in a society.

Receiving Societies

Long-time residents of areas where immigrants settle.

Prejudice

A preconceived unfavorable evaluation of another based on personal characteristics.

Great Famine

A period of starvation in Ireland from 1845 to 1852 that impacted society significantly.

Enclave

A portion of territory within a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally distinct.

Chinese Exclusion Act

A U.S. law prohibiting Chinese laborers' immigration for 10 years.

White Australia

Policies aiming to restrict non-European immigration to Australia.