Mood and Depressive Disorders

Vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes about mood and depressive disorders.

Major Depressive Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by a pervasive low mood lasting at least two weeks, with symptoms like anhedonia, feelings of worthlessness, and recurrent thoughts of death.

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

A mood disorder marked by chronic low mood lasting for at least two years (one year for children and adolescents), often with symptoms like poor self-esteem and fatigue.

Bipolar I Disorder

A mood disorder involving at least one manic episode, which may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.

Bipolar II Disorder

A mood disorder characterized by a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but no full-blown manic episodes.

Dysphoric Mood

An unpleasant mood, often manifested as sadness, anxiety, or irritability.

Euthymic Mood

A mood in the normal range, implies the absence of depressed or elevated mood.

Irritable Mood

A state easily provoked to anger; characterized by being easily annoyed.

Anhedonia

Diminished interest or loss of pleasure in almost all activities, often a symptom in major depressive disorder.

Hypomania

A milder form of mania, characterized by an elevated or irritable mood that does not cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning.

Mania

A state of abnormally elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsivity, often leading to significant functional impairment.

Period Prevalence

The proportion of a population that has a condition at some time during a given period; inclusive of cases present at the study's start as well as new cases.

Selectively Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

A class of drugs commonly used to treat depression by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that helps patients modify dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and thoughts by challenges negative thoughts.

Social Isolation

A potential consequence of depression, characterized by withdrawal from social interactions and relationships.

Suicidal Ideation

The consideration of, or planning for, suicide; a serious symptom of major depressive disorder.

DSM-V

The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, providing criteria for diagnosing mental health conditions.