ch 15 reactions
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47 Terms
Grignard reagents
Aldehyde
Ketone
Ester
Thiol
Thioacetal
A,b-unsaturated aldehyde
Reaction of a formaldehyde with a Grignard reagent forms a…
Primary alcohol
Reaction of an aldehyde with a Grignard reagent forms a…
Secondary alcohol
Reaction of a ketone with a Grignard reagent forms a…
Tertiary alcohol
Reaction of CO2 with a Grignard reagent forms a…
Carboxylic acid
Reaction of an ester with excess Grignard reagent forms a…
Tertiary alcohol with two identical subunits
Reaction of an acyl chloride with excess Grignard reagent forms a…
Tertiary alcohol with two identical substituents
Reaction of an acyl chloride with an organocuprate forms a…
Ketone
Reaction of carbonyl compounds with an acetylide ion forms…
a-hydroxyalkyne
Reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with cyanide ion under acidic conditions forms a…
Cyanohydrin
Reaction of an aldehyde with sodium borohydride forms a…
Primary alcohol
Reaction of a ketone with sodium borohydride forms a…
Secondary alcohol
Reaction of an acyl chloride with sodium borohydride forms a…
Primary alcohol
Reaction of an acyl chloride with lithium tritert-butoxyaluminum hydride forms…
Aldehyde
Reaction of an ester with lithium aluminum hydride forms…
Two alcohols
Reaction of an ester with DIBAL-H forms…
An aldehyde
Reaction of a carboxylic acid with lithium aluminum hydride forms a…
Primary alcohol
Reaction of an amide with lithium aluminum hydride forms…
An amine
Reaction with a primary amine forms…
An imine
Reaction with a secondary amine forms…
An enamine
Reaction of an aldehyde or a ketone with water forms…
A hydrate
Reaction of an aldehyde or a ketone with excess alcohol forms…
First a hemiacetal and then an acetal
Aldehydes and ketones can be protected by converting to…
Acetals
The OH group of an alcohol can be protected by converting to a…
Silyl ether
The OH group of a carboxylic acid can be protected by converting to…
An ester
Reaction of an aldehyde or a ketone with a thiol forms a…
Thioacetal and desulfurization of a Thioacetal forms an alkane
Aldehydes and ketones are oxidized by a peroxyacid (a Baeyer–Villiger oxidation) to…
Carboxylic acids and esters
Migration tendencies:
H > tertiary > secondary = phenyl > primary > methyl
Reaction of. An aldehyde or a ketone with a phosphonium ylide (a Wittig reaction) forms…
An alkene
Reaction of an a,B-unsaturated aldehyde or a ketone with a nucleophiles forms…
A direct addition and or a conjugate addition product
Conjugate addition products are formed by…
Nucleophiles that are weak bases (-CN, RSH, RNH, BR-)
Nucleophiles that are strong bases (RLi, H-) form…
Direct adddition products with reactive carbonyl groups (aldehydes) and conjugate addition products with less reactive carbonyl groups (ketones)
Organocuprates (R2CuLi) form…
Conjugate addition products
Reactions of an a,B-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivative with a nucleophiles forms…
A nucleophilic acyl substitution product with a reactive carbonyl group and a conjugate addition product with a less reactive carbonyl group
