First Civilizations

Who discovered the Rosetta Stone?

French soldiers under Napoleon Bonaparte

What languages are represented on the Rosetta Stone?

Greek, Demotic, Hieroglyphics

What did the Rosetta Stone allow scholars to do?

Decipher hieroglyphics

What tools did the people who built the Egyptian pyramids have at their disposal?

Copper and stone tools

What were the living conditions of the people who built the Egyptian pyramids?

Organized worker villages

Egyptian pyramids functioned as?

Tombs for pharaohs

Know what the megalithic site known as Stonehenge probably functioned as and where it is located.

Religious/astronomical site in Stonehenge

The Upanishads are?

Hindu philosophical texts

In Hinduism, the union of Self with Spirit which ends the cycle of death and rebirth is called?

Moksha

The Chinese concept of the natural order is?

Dao

The first civilizations appeared?

In river valleys

Akhenaten is associated with?

Worship of Aten/monotheism

Mesopotamia is located between the?

Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

What freedoms did Mesopotamian women have? What were their limitations?

Could own property, limited rights

What freedoms did Egyptian women have? What were their limitations?

More legal rights, less political power

What religion believes in the Absolute Spirit? What is it known as?

Hinduism, Brahman

What is the Hindu belief of reincarnation?

Samsara

Who developed the first governmental system based on merit?

China

Paleolithic culture was characterized by?

Hunting and gathering

Why is the Rosetta Stone significant?

Helped decode hieroglyphics

What three languages are represented on the Rosetta stone?

Greek, Demotic, Hieroglyphics

Where is the Rosetta stone located now?

British Museum

Egyptian pyramids functioned as?

Tombs

Hammurabi is best known as the?

Creator of a law code

What is the name Zoroastrian associated primarily with?

Zoroastrianism

Which Hindu literature teaches worship through prayer and sacrifice?

Vedas

The Epic of Gilgamesh tells the story of?

Gilgamesh’s search for immortality

Which ancient society was known for its jade artifacts, especially circular discs?

Ancient China

What is the first literary epic and where was it developed?

Epic of Gilgamesh in Mesopotamia

The "Venus" of Willendorf and the Cycladic figurine both represent?

Female fertility figures

One of the earliest landmarks of Paleolithic culture is?

Cave paintings

The earliest discovered inscribed clay tablets come from?

Sumer/Mesopotamia

The Great Temple at Karnak was?

Temple to Amun

The world's oldest clay vessels appear to have come from?

China

Zhou rebels justified their rebellion against the Shang dynasty because?

Mandate of Heaven

"Prehistory" may be defined as?

Time before writing

The Book of the Dead was?

Egyptian funerary text

"Dao" means?

“The Way”

What are some differences between Paleolithic and Neolithic culture?

Paleolithic = nomadic; Neolithic = farming

Who created the first non pictographic alphabet?

Phoenicians

What is another term for Paleolithic?

Old Stone Age

What are the origins of writing as described in this chapter?

Record keeping and trade

Why is Hammurabi's Code significant?

Early written law code

What material was used in the early artworks of sub Saharan Africa, such as the Nok heads?

Terra Cotta

In what city was the oldest ancient complex of the Americas discovered in 2001, revealing pyramids, wide plazas, a sunken amphitheater, and numerous residences?

Caral