[MICROBIOLOGY] Bacteriology - Part 2 - Gram Positive Cocci

a. Staphylococcus

Catalase positive gram positive cocci.

a. Staphylococcus

b. Streptococcus

b. Streptococcus

Catalase negative gram positive cocci.

a. Staphylococcus

b. Streptococcus

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

Used for coagulase test of Staphylococcus.

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

a. Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus that is coagulase positive.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saphropyticus

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

e. b and c

Staphylococcus epidermis

Staphylococcus saphropyticus

Staphylococcus that is coagulase negative.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saphropyticus

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

Used for differentiating S. epidermis from S. saphrophyticus.

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

a. Staphylococcus epidermis

Sensitive on novobiocin.

a. Staphylococcus epidermis

b. Staphylococcus saphropyticus

b. Staphylococcus saphropyticus

Resistant on novobiocin.

a. Staphylococcus epidermis

b. Staphylococcus saphropyticus

c. Optochin Sensitivity

Used for determination of alpha hemolysis resistance or sensitivity of streptococcus.

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

Quellung reaction.

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptoccous that is alpha hemolytic and sensitive optochin.

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

b. Viridans streptococcus

b. Viridans streptococcus

Streptoccous that is not alpha hemolytic, resistant to optochin.

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae

b. Viridans streptococcus

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

Beta hemolysis resistance is determined through:

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

e. 0.5% NaCl

a. Streptococcus pyogenes - The Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS)

Streptococcus that is beta hemolytic

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

b. Streptococcus agalactiae - Group B Streptococcus (GBS)

Streptococcus that is resistant to beta hemolysis.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

e. 0.5% NaCl

Used to determine gamma hemolysis of streptococcus.

a. Mannitol Salt Agar

b. Novobiocin Sensitivity

c. Optochin Sensitivity

d. Bacitracin Sensitivity

e. 0.5% NaCl

a. Enterococcus species

Gamma hemolytic.

a. Enterococcus species

b. Streptococcus bovis

b. Streptococcus bovis

Gamma hemolysis resistant.

a. Enterococcus species

b. Streptococcus bovis

a. Lipase

Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor that causes boils, furuncle, carbuncle.

a. Lipase

b. Exfoliatin

c. Enterotoxin B

d. B-lactamase

e. Protein A

b. Exfoliatin

Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor that causes Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS).

a. Lipase

b. Exfoliatin

c. Enterotoxin B

d. B-lactamase

e. Protein A

c. Enterotoxin B

Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor that causes foods poisoning and toxic shock syndrome (SSSS + hypotension).

a. Lipase

b. Exfoliatin

c. Enterotoxin B

d. B-lactamase

e. Protein A

d. B-lactamase

Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor that causes antibiotic resistance.

a. Lipase

b. Exfoliatin

c. Enterotoxin B

d. B-lactamase

e. Protein A

e. None

Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors except:

a. Protein A

b. Techoic acid

c. Capsule

d. Hyaluronidase

e. None

b. Nares

Staphylococcus aureus is a humam normal flora found in the:

a. Mouth

b. Nares

c. Lungs

d. Trachea

e. Genital

e. All

S. aureus route of transmission:

a. Droplet

b. Direct

c. Food borne

d. a and b

e. All

f. None

S. aureus can cause the following diseases except:

a. Acute endocarditis

b. Food poisoning

c. Pneumonia

d. Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

e. Scalded skin syndrome

f. None

f. None

S. aureus can cause the following diseases except:

a. Skin and soft tissue infections

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Pneumonia

d. Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

e. Scalded skin syndrome

f. None

a. Acute endocarditis

S. aureus disease that is common among IV drug and affect the tricuspid valve.

a. Acute endocarditis

b. Food poisoning

c. Pneumonia

d. Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

e. Scalded skin syndrome

b. Food poisoning - usually in salad and mayonnaise

S. aureus releases heat stable toxin causing:

a. Acute endocarditis

b. Food poisoning

c. Pneumonia

d. Septic arthritis and osteomyelitis

e. Scalded skin syndrome

a. S. aures.

Causes toxic shock syndrome associated with use of tampon causing rashes and hypotension but produce negative blood culture.

a. S. aures

b. S. epidermis

c. S. saprophyticus

e. All

Anti-staphylococcal penicillin

a. Methicillin

b. Oxacillin

c. Nafcillin

d. a and b

e. All

a. Methicillin

Anti-staphylococcal penicillin that is nephrotoxic.

a. Methicillin

b. Oxacillin

c. Nafcillin

d. a and b

e. All

c. Nafcillin

Anti-staphylococcal penicillin that is causes rashes.

a. Methicillin

b. Oxacillin

c. Nafcillin

d. a and b

e. All

a. Vancomycin

DOC for MRSA.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramins

d. a and b

e. All

b. Linezolid

DOC for VRSA.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramins

d. a and b

e. All

c. Streptogramins

Alternative for VRSA.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramins

d. a and b

e. All

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

Has porcelain white colonies and is normal flora of the skin.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

Prefers foreign bodies forming biofilms and causes bacterial endocarditis in patients with prosthetic heart valves observed post operatively.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Has colorless colonies and is normal flora of the vagina.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Number 2 cause of UTI in sexually active females.

a. Staphylococcus aureus

b. Staphylococcus epidermis

c. Staphylococcus saprophyticus

d. Fluoroquinolones

Treatment for S. saprophyticus.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramins

d. Fluoroquinolones

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Nonenterococcus

f. None

Streptococcus pyogenes virulence factor except:

a. Protein M, Exotoxin A

b. Streptokinase

c. Streptolysin O and S

d. Streptodornase

e. Hyaluronidase

f. None

b. Streptokinase

Fibrinolytic

a. Protein M, Exotoxin A

b. Streptokinase

c. Streptolysin O and S

d. Streptodornase

e. Hyaluronidase

e. Hyaluronidase

Spreading factor

a. Protein M, Exotoxin A

b. Streptokinase

c. Streptolysin O and S

d. Streptodornase

e. Hyaluronidase

a. Streptolysin O

Antigenic.

a. Streptolysin O

b. Streptolysin S

b. Streptolysin S

Non antigenic

a. Streptolysin O

b. Streptolysin S

e. None

S. pyogenes suppurative infections except:

a. Pharyngitis

b. Cellulitis

c. Impetigo

d. Erysipelas

e. None

b. Cellulitis

Flat ill defined redness that when severe, become necrotizing fascitis.

a. Pharyngitis

b. Cellulitis

c. Impetigo

d. Erysipelas

c. Impetigo

Honey crusted lesions.

a. Pharyngitis

b. Cellulitis

c. Impetigo

d. Erysipelas

d. Erysipelas

Painful red rash with orange peel.

a. Pharyngitis

b. Cellulitis

c. Impetigo

d. Erysipelas

e. None

S. pyogenes non suppurative infections except:

a. Scarlet fever

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Rheumatic heart fever

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

e. None

a. I, II

Scarlet fever

Toxic shock syndrome

S. pyogenes exotoxin A causes:

I. Scarlet fever

II. Toxic shock syndrome

III. Rheumatic heart fever

IV. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

a. I, II

b. I, III

c. II, III

d. III, IV

d. III, IV

Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

S. pyogenes M protein causes:

I. Scarlet fever

II. Toxic shock syndrome

III. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

IV. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

a. I, II

b. I, III

c. II, III

d. III, IV

a. Scarlet fever

Also known as the 2nd disease which is manifested as sandpaper rash, strawberry tongue, and sore throat.

a. Scarlet fever

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

b. Toxic shock syndrome

Less severe than that caused by S. aureus. Its difference is it produce positive blood culture and negative rash.

a. Scarlet fever

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

c. III

M protein of S. pyogenes causes what type of hypersensitivity?

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. IV

c. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

Preceded by strep throat infection and has the mechanism of action of molecular mimicry.

a. Scarlet fever

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

f. None - These are the JONES criteria

Diagnosis for rheumatic heart fever except:

a. Joint arthritis

b. Carditis

c. Nodules

d. Erythema marginatum

e. Sydenham chorea

f. None

a. Pen G

Management for rheumatic heart fever caused by S. pyogenes.

a. Pen G

b. Vancomycin

c. Fluoroquinolones

d. Chloramphenicol

e. Supportive management

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

Disease caused by S. pyogenes which is preceded by a skin infection and pathology is through immune complex formation.

a. Scarlet fever

b. Toxic shock syndrome

c. Rheumatic heart fever (RHF)

d. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN)

e. Supportive management

Management for post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN).

a. Pen G

b. Vancomycin

c. Fluoroquinolones

d. Chloramphenicol

e. Supportive management

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

Normal flora of vagina which route of transmission is through an infected birth canal.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

Causes neonatal sepsis and meningitis.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

b. Ampicillin + Gentamicin

Treatment for neonatal sepsis and meningitis causes by S. agalactiae.

a. Pen G

b. Ampicillin + Gentamicin

c. Amoxicillin + Gentamicin

d. Chloramphenicol

e. Supportive management

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

A pneumococcus specifically a lancet-shaped diplococci.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Capsule is positive to Quelling reaction.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. All

Diseases caused by S. pneumoniae.

a. Community acquired pneumonia

b. Meningitis in elderly

c. Otitis media

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

a. 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin + extended macrolide

Treatment for community acquired pneumonia (CAP).

a. 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin + extended macrolide

b. 3rd gen cephalosporin

c. High dose penicillin

d. Ampicillin + Gentamicin

b. 3rd gen cephalosporin

Treatment for meningitis in elderly.

a. 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin + extended macrolide

b. 3rd gen cephalosporin

c. High dose penicillin

d. Ampicillin + Gentamicin

c. Cefuroxime

The only 2nd generation cephalosporin that can pass the blood brain barrier.

a. Cefotetan

b. Cefoxetin

c. Cefuroxime

d. Cefaclor

c. High dose penicillin

Treatment for otitis media caused by S. pneumoniae.

a. 2nd/3rd gen cephalosporin + extended macrolide

b. 3rd gen cephalosporin

c. High dose penicillin

d. Ampicillin + Gentamicin

c. Both

Vaccine for S. pneumoniae

a. PCV13

b. PPV23

c. Both

d. None of these

a. PCV13

Prevnar.

a. PCV13

b. PPV23

c. Both

d. None of these

b. PPV23

Pneumo23.

a. PCV13

b. PPV23

c. Both

d. None of these

d. Viridans streptococcus

Streptococcus mutans which is normal flora of the mouth.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. Nonenterococcus

d. Viridans streptococcus

Overgrowth may cause dental caries.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. Nonenterococcus

d. Viridans streptococcus

May present with subacute bacterial endocarditis in patients with prosthetic heart valves.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. Nonenterococcus

e. Enterococcus

Normal flora of the GIT which may lead nosocomial infections.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. Nonenterococcus

c. Both

Enterococcus specie:

a. E. faecalis

b. E. faecium

c. Both

d. None of these

a. Vancomycin

Primary treatment for enterococcus infection.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramin

d. a and b

e. b and c.

f. All

e. b and c

Linezolid

Streptogramin

Treatment for VRE infection.

a. Vancomycin

b. Linezolid

c. Streptogramin

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

Pathogen that are highly associated with antimicrobial resistance.

I. Enterococcus faecium

II. Staphylococcus aureus

III. Klebsiella pneumoniae

IV. Actinobacter baumanii

V. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

VI. Enterobacter species: E. coli

a. I, II, III, IV, V, VI

b. I, II, III, IV, V

c. II, III, IV, V

d. II, III, IV, V, VI

e. I, II, III

f. Nonenterococcus

Streptococcus bovis.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Viridans streptococcus

e. Enterococcus

f. Nonenterococcus

f. Streptococcus bovis

Can cause marantic endocarditis in patient with abdominal cancer.

a. Streptococcus pyogenes

b. Streptococcus agalactiae

c. Streptococcus pneumoniae

d. Streptococcus mutans

e. Enterococcus faecium

f. Streptococcus bovis