Final study guide (4)

Thomas Edison made his first sound recordings on what

Phonograph in 1877

CD’s hit the market in the early 1980s, how did they compare to albums & cassette tapes by 2000

Suprassed them due to better sound

What was key factors in the success of the MP3 format

due to its ability to compress sound files for easy transfer over slow internet connections

Has the music industry successfully hindered peer-to-peer (P2P) systems, which enable free music file-sharing?

Streaming music services eliminate what in favor of access to music?

In the 1920s, many radio stations went off the air because of what?

How did competition from TV in the 1950s effect the radio & recording industries?

Blues music originated where?

Who created the sound called rockabilly

In the late 1950s, why did singer Little Richard stop performing rock and roll?

Do independent record companies every invest in commercially unproven artists. (from lecture)

Independent labels produce what percent of all recordings

What difference between sound recordings made by Emile Berliner &those made by Thomas Edison?

In 1958 what allowed for the recording of two separate tracks of sound, which could be mixed together

What did the MP3 music file format allow for?

Review the examples of streaming music.

Which genres fall into the category of pop music?

What event ended major record labels employing white performers to cover black rock-and-roll artists' songs?

The album that broke grunge music into the American mainstream was what?

Sugarhill Gang's 1979 hit "Rapper's Delight" did what common practice of hip-hop?

This term refers to the economic situation in which a few firms dominate an industry

An A&R (artist & repertoire) agent typically does what?

Review the primary ways that independent musicians use the Internet?

ESSAY: Why did Emile Berliner's flat disk replace Edison's cylinder, why did this matter in the history of mass media?

ESSAY: Describe two ways convergence of recording industry & the Internet has changed the industry. Are changes positive, negative, or both?

Who is credited with creating FM radio

During his lifetime, Nikola Tesla received much recognition for what.

What inventor developed a vacuum tube capable of detecting and amplifying radio signals.

The word broadcasting derives from what?

The Titanic sank in 1912, had it not been for radio, what would have happened?

Congress passed the Radio Act of 1912 in response to what?

In the 1920s, what company operated two radio networks and what were the networks called?

The aim of early radio networks such as CBS and NBC was what?

With the Communications Act of 1934, what happened to the Federal Communications Commission?

How did radio soap operas got their name?

Which band is better for playing music and why?

The first transistor radio was marketed who?

The first transistor radio was marketed who?

The Top 40 format refers to what?

Why was the telegraph useless as in communicating between ships at sea or between ships and the shore?

The very earliest uses of Marconi's wireless radio were for what?

The Radio Corporation of America bought which of the following companies?

Who set up a crude radio station above his Pittsburgh garage in 1916?

Which company became the first to sell ads on the radio?

What established the Federal Radio Commission?

What time period is considered the "golden age" of radio?

Which radio program panicked listeners on Halloween eve in 1938?

How did the transistor impact radio receivers?

Radio formats usually target specific audiences according to what characteristics?

The most popular music format on U.S. radio today is what?

What companies offer Satellite radio service?

ESSAY: Identify and describe the three innovations that helped radio survive the coming of television.

ESSAY: Define format radio, and give examples.

Many of the program conventions in television actually came from radio

The quiz-show scandals of the 1950s provided the first indication that TV images could be manipulated.

What does CATV stand for?

- How have cable offerings impact the 1980s viewer base of the "Big 3" major networks (ABC, CBS, and NBC)

Premium cable channels lure customers with the promise of what?

Time shifting refers to what?

Cable News Network (CNN) premiered when?

How does the cost of reality TV shows compare to sitcoms or dramas for networks?

Must-carry rules require what?

How did the Telecommunications Act of 1996 impact radio and TV station ownership?

Who transmitted the first electronic TV picture?

How did cable channels achieve success?

How have TV broadcasters been threatened by cable?

What are examples of premium cable channels?

Differences in, and competition over, technical standards resulted in what?

The practice of recording shows and watching them later when it is more convenient is called what?

These are one of the longest-running serial program types in the history of television.

When might broadcast networks air syndicated programs?

What did major networks do to combat audience erosion in the 1990s?

ESSAY: What are the major differences between basic cable services and premium cable services?

ESSAY: The late 1970s saw the introduction of two major threats to the television networks. What were they?

The first motion pictures were watched using what?

The first movie theaters were called what and why did they get this name?

The Motion Picture Patents Company was established in 1908 for what reason?

Hollywood became the international center of cinema when and why?

With the exception of who, the early studio moguls who ran Hollywood were mostly men.

What movie was very controversial when it premiered because of its glorification of the Ku Klux Klan?

The first sound/talking movie, meaning there was dialogue on screen was what?

In scriptwriting terminology, what refers to how the story is told?

Grouping films by genre allows the movie industry to achieve what?

What are examples of movie genres?

Who became the first woman to win an Academy Award for best director and what was her film?

What was the result of the U.S. Supreme Court's Paramount decision?

How many studios dominate the U.S. film business?

In an early attempt to monopolize the film industry, inventor Thomas Edison formed what?

What is vertical integration?

Who launched United Artists?

What is block booking?

What is the star/studio system?

According to the textbook, what is a main reason Hollywood tends to make films that belong in certain genres?

What led to the sharp decline in the number of foreign films released in cinemas between 1966 and 1990?

What are the characteristics of independent films?

Review the Internet distribution service for television shows and movies?

ESSAY: What are the three basic economic divisions of the movie industry and how do they work?

ESSAY: Describe what a genre is, and name three popular film genres.