VETS 385 (FINAL Focused Parasites)

Hosts of toxocara

dogs and cats

Transmission of toxocara

oral, trans mammary, or transplacental (canis only)

Habitat of toxocara

small intestine

Life cycle of toxocara

direct with lung migration +/- somatic migration

What type of egg is toxocara

ascaroid

Is toxocara zoonotic

YES only canis and cati (can migrate to eyes in humans)

Toxocara damage

young= pot bellied appearance -dry coat, emaciated

Host of Ancylostoma + Uncinaria

dog and cats

Transmission of Ancylostoma + Uncinaria

-oral-skin penetration-transmammary

Life cycle of Ancylostoma + Uncinaria

direct with lung migrations

Ancylostoma + Uncinaria type egg

trichostrongyle

Damage of Ancylostoma + Uncinaria

severe blood loss + anemia

Is Ancylostoma + Uncinaria zoonotic

yes- cutaneous larvae migrations in humans through the skin **creeping eruptions

Host of trichuris

cats, dogs, sheep, cattle, pigs

Life cycle of trichuris

direct-no migration

Transmission of trichuris

oral

Egg type of trichuris

trichinelliod

Damage of trichuris

-diarrhea with mucus + blood

-anemia

Is trichuris zoonotic

no

Host of dirofilaria

definitive= dogs

IH= female mosquito

Life cycle of dirofilaria

indirect

Transmission of dirofilaria

bite of infective mosquito

Egg type of dirofilaria

larviparous

Damage of dirofilaria

-mild persistent cough

-exercise intolerance

-right sife heart failure

Is dirofilaria zoonotic

yes (incidental host)

Host of dipylidium caninum

dog and cat

IH of dipylidium caninum

flea larva

Transmission of dipylidium caninum

oral-ingest IH

Habitat of dipylidium caninum

Small intestine

Metacestode stage of dipylidium caninum

Cysticercoid

Damage of dipylidium caninum

minimal, chronic enteritis or scooting

Is dipylidium caninum zoonotic

yes (minor)

Host of echinococcus

DH=dogs and cats

IH= ruminants, rodents, and humans

Transmission of echinococcus

ingested IH

Habitat of echinococcus

small intestine

Mesecestoid stage

Hydatid cyst

echinococcus egg type

taenia

Damage of echinococcus

liver and lungs issues

Is echinococcus zoonotic

yes **reportable disease!! FATAL in humans

Host of giardia

Many= called assemblages (A-H)

Transmission of giardia

ingesting Oocysts

Damage of giardia

intestinal wall (specifically younger animals)

Life cycle of giardia

binary fission

Is giardia zoonotic

yes

Hosts of cystoisospora + eimeria

Cyst= dogs, cat, bird, swine

Eim= ruminants, horses, rabbits

Transmission of cystoisospora + eimeria

oral ingestion of sporocyst

Habitat of cystoisospora + eimeria

epithelial cells of Si

Disease of cystoisospora + eimeria

coccidiosis

Life cycle of cystoisospora + eimeria

complex= asexual + sexual....REVIEW

Damage of cystoisospora + eimeria

bloody diarrhea, painful, gets worse with stress

Is cystoisospora + eimeria zoonotic

no

Hosts of toxoplasma

DH= feline

IH= any other animal

Transmission of toxoplasma

oral ingestion of sporulated cysts or IH

Habitat of toxoplasma

cats= intestines

IH= anywhere

Life cycle of toxoplasma

complex+indirect

Damage of toxoplasma

-usually asymptomatic... more damage to the IH

Is toxoplasma zoonotic

yes

Host of Ctenocephalides felis **most common flea

Cat and dogs

Habitat of Ctenocephalides felis

adult= host

other stages= environment

Life cycle of Ctenocephalides felis

complex

Damage of Ctenocephalides felis

-annoyance

-anemia

-FAD

Diagnosis of Ctenocephalides felis

flea comb and visual flea dirt

Hosts of Otodectes

dog, cat, ferrets

Habitat of Otodectes

external ear canal

Life cycle of Otodectes

simple

Damage of Otodectes

-intense irritation

-sores/secondary infection

-severe cases= convulsions

Is Otodectes zoonotic

yes, rarely

Hosts of sarcoptes

dog, cats, pigs, cattle, horses, sheep

Habitat of sarcoptes

superficial layer of epidermis

Damage of sarcoptes

-lesions

-crusting

-extreme itch

Diagnosis of sarcoptes

deep skin scraping

Is sarcoptes zoonotic

yes, temporarily

Hosts of demodex

domestic animals and humans *most common is dog

Habitat of demodex

-hair follicles

-sebaceous glands of skin

Damage of demodex

considered normal skin flora, some irritation and mange can occur

Diagnosis of demodex

squeeze skin to express mites

Is demodex zoonotic

no, host specific

Habitat of rhipicephalus

attaches below the hair coat, and in external ear canal, between toes

Damage of rhipicephalus

-heavy blood loss

-IH for babesia canis

-tick paralysis

Damage of dermacentor

-vector for RMSF

-tularemia

-tick paralysis

Host of trichostrongylus

ruminants and pigs

Life cycle of trichostrongylus

direct

What does a trichostrongylus type egg have in it

morula

Damage of trichostrongylus

heavy infections= black scours, dingle berries

Is trichostrongylus zoonotic

no

Life cycle of strongylus

direct +/- mesenteric arteries and liver

Damage of strongylus

-enteritis

-emaciation

-GI obstruction/colic

-death

Is strongylus zoonotic

no

Life cycle of parascaris

direct with lung migration

Egg type of parascaris

ascaroid

Damage of parascaris

-pot bellied

-colic

-chance of asymptomatic

Is parascaris zoonotic

no

Hosts of haemonchus

ruminants

Life cycle of haemonchus

direct

Egg type of haemonchus

trichostrongyle

Damage of haemonchus

-anemia

-bottle jaw

-weakness

-death

Is haemonchus zoonotic

no

Host of osteragia + teladorsagia

cattle, sheep, goats

Life cycle of osteragia + teladorsagia

direct with hypobiosis possible

Type of egg of osteragia + teladorsagia

trichostrongyle