METALLIC BONDING

definition of a metallic bond

the force of attraction between the positive metal ions and the delocalised outer electrons

metals are malleable (easy to shape) and ductile because…

… they are arranged in layers of atoms/ions that can easily slide over each other if a force is applied

metals can be made harder and stronger by…

… adding another element which disrupt the regular layers and make it harder for layers to slide over each other

definition of an alloy

a mixture of a metal and at least one other element (which is often also a metal)

key properties of an alloy

• no regular layers

• atoms/ions cannot easily slide over each other

metals are such good conductors of heat and electricity because…

… they have a free-moving delocalised outer electron that can conduct when a voltage is applied

key properties of metals

1. malleable and ductile

2. high melting and boiling points

3. good conductors of heat and electricity

4. shiny and sonorous

uses and properties of aluminium

• good conductor of electricity

• resistant to corrosion

• low density

• overhead cables

• alloys for aircraft

• aluminium foil

uses of copper

• excellent conductor of electricity

• does not react with water

• non-toxic

• electrical wires

• central heating

• pipework