Telecommunication spaces

Telecoommunications pathways and spaces

Addresses requirements for telecom pathways and spaces relative to commercial building design and construction.

Telecommunication Spaces

Rooms and areas where telecom cabling systems are terminated and telecom equipment installed.

The following are Telecom Spaces

* Entrance Facilities (EF)
* Equipment Rooms (ER)
* Main Cross-connect (MC)
* Telecommunications Rooms (TR)
* Telecommunication Enclosures (TE)
* Work Areas (WA)

Entrance Facilities (EF)

* Includes cabling components
* Connect the outside service facilities to the premise cabling
* serves as the demarcation for a Service provider

Copper Entrances Cables

* Unlisted OSP comm cables entering buildings
* shall not exceed 30m (100 ft) from their entrance
* to protect from lightning and contact from conductors.
* Primary Protector is a Cable shield that is grounded

Considered to have lightning exposures unless they have:

* Large metropolitan areas
* The interbuilding cable runs directly buried or in conduit.

Optical Fiber Entrance Cables

* exposed to lightning or power conductors that enter the building.
* Non-carrying metallic members shall be grounded
* Grounding point shall be close as practical to the point of entrance

Location and Method

* Depends to some extent on the available or proposed route of cable feeder facilities
* Fro SP nearest facility may be either aerial or underground.

Route and Space

* the designer and SP shall be determine the route of service entrance to the owner’s property line
* depend on type of facility being used and building architecture.

Right-of-Way and Joint-Pole Agreement

* Service entrance requires routing inside a private property now owned by the applicant/subscriber

Multiple Services Entrance and Loop Diversity

Buildings that provide continuous services like hotels,resorts,health care, airports, and more.

Types of Loop Diversity

* Among different binder within one cable
* Among different sheath or cable
* Along entirely different cable paths in the building
* Among different intrabuilding backbone cable

Types of Service Entrance

* Aerial Entrance
* Underground Entrance

Aerial Entrance

* The SP shall be attached to the building or a telephone/power Pole
* Install its entrance cabling system the entry point to service entrance terminations

Underground Entrance

Entrance appears to be the most feasible and economical, Shortest logical route should be chosen.

Coordination shall be made with the SP as regards following:

* Extent of conduit from SP’s manhole to subscriber’s manhole/handhole to be provided by the SP.
* Depth of conduit at the interconnection Point
* Policy regarding connection or termination of subscriber-owned conduits in the SP manhole.

Choosing Pull Points

* do not include more than two 90 degree bends
* Building without basements must have conduit for access from the property line to the inside first

Fastening and Dealing Entrance Conduits

Securely fasten all entrances conduits to the building so they can withstand a typical placing operation performed by SP.

Service Entrance Requirement

For buildings or residence not more than 5 Lines, provision of either entrance or housing cable.

* Industrial and commercial establishments require more than three lines, service entrance housing

Aesthetic reasons provide the following:

* Subscriber pole/s or pedestal inside the private property as necessary.
* single underground entrance conduit not smaller than 20mm (1in)
* Conduit shall be brought to the pole designated by the SP. Extend at least 5.5m (18 Ft) above ground, secured to the pole and equipped with weather-head or entrance cap.

Splice Box and Pull Box

* pull box shall be placed in conduit runs.
* pull box shall be used at appropriate locations accessible to workmen where splicing is required.
* pull box is proposed to be located where a cable run changes direction, 10 times the cable diameter.
* Splice box shall be used at locations in a conduit run where it branches into two or more.
* Provide a minimum of 0.9 m (2.9ft) working space in front of either a pull box or splice box.
* The splice box shall be made of #18 gauge steel and shall be sized according to table 4-3.
* The splice box shall be located not more than 5m (16.4ft) away from the service entrance termination.
* Cable tray/runway can be used in lieu of a splice box.

Function of Equipment room

* Contain the Equipment Facilities for campus backbones, access points (AP) or both.
* Provide any or all of the functions of a TR.

Telecommunations Rooms (TR)

* Differ from ER’s and EF’s in that they are generally considered to be floor-serving spaces that provides a connection point between the backbone and horizontal infrastructures.
* Architecture space that provides an appropriate environment for housing cables.

Types of cabling Facilities:

* Horizontal Cross-connects (HC)
* Intermediate Cross-connects (IC)
* Main Cross-connect (MC)
* A TR may contain a campus EF

TR’s provide the following Functions:

* Serve as a point of termination for the horizontal and backbone cables.
* house the horizontal cross-connect (HC)
* May contain intermediate Cross-connect (IC)
* Provide a secured and controlled denvironment

BackBoards

In case there is no MC

Telecommunication Enclosures (Zone Enclosure)

* For when housing Telcom Equipment, cable terminations, and cross-connect cabling, a TE may contain wireless access points.
* Intended for smaller floor areas

Telecommunication Pathways

Designed for installation of backbone and horizontal Cables

* for buildings with life cycles

Backbone pathway

Portion of pathway system that permits the placement of backbone cables between the entrance location and all cross-connect points witho=i

Building Pathways

* Installed in dry area
* no moisture

Types of Building Pathways:

* Ceiling Spaces
* Access flooring systems
* Under-floor duct systems
* Cellular Floor
* Furniture Pathways

Wet Locations

“Slab-on-Grade” designs where pathways are installed underground or in concrete