English Honors R&J Study Prep

Goal: 100% on Test

Amygdala

Your threat meter (most developed part and the first to fully develop)

Anything you see, smell, etc. goes to the Amygdala first.

Helps you survive by noticing your threats.

Pre-Frontal Cortex

Closest thing we have to a CPU.

Least developed when born, and last part to fully develop

The reaction of what you are noticing

What does the Amygdala control and why is it Important

• Controls: emotions (fear, anger, passion)

• Important because: It makes reactions intense and impulsive

What does the Pre-Frontal Cortex control and why is it Important

• Controls: decision-making, logic, self-control

• Important because: It helps you think before acting

Chemicals: Dopamine

Makes you happy (chemical reaction)

will encourage you to continue the behavior

It makes you feel happy and “addicted” to something (or someone)

Serotonin

mood and emotional stability

Low levels can make you feel obsessed or anxious

controls anxiety

Adrenaline

fight-or-flight response (heart racing, energy boost)

A burst of energy

It prepares you for danger or intense situations

heightens your senses

Oxytocin

binding drug (love hormone), makes you feel connected and safe towards people

Released when making physical contact with someone/living thing

sexual behavior releases oxytocin

Helps people form deep emotional connections

What love does to the brain

• Increases dopamine → you feel happy, excited, addicted

• Decreases serotonin → can cause obsession

• Releases oxytocin → creates strong emotional bonds

• Activates adrenaline → makes love feel intense and dramatic

• Weakens prefrontal cortex control and → you make impulsive decisions

• lowers activity in the Amygdala and PFC

What breaking up does to you

Breaking up causes you to be sad and depressed. The love chemicals decrease (not enough)

Soliloquy

when a character talks when they are alone on stage, long speech (not a couple lines); to hear their inner thoughts (NOT A MONOLOUGE)

Example of a soliloquy

1) Act 2. Sc 2. "Romeo, O Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?" (balcony scene)

2) When juliet is about to drink the ¨poison¨, but has second thoughts before

Aside

a quick comment to the audience or a private comment to someone else on stage (for a select group of people by turning your back/stepping aside); a stage whisper

Examples of Aside

1) ¨My only love sprung from my only hate!¨ -Juliet after meeting Romeo at the party

Oxymoron

two contradictory terms combined (oppisites) ex: bittersweet

Example of Oxymoron

1) Act 2 Scene 3: ¨Parting is such a SWEET SORROW¨ -Juliet (right before she leaves during balcony scene)

Paradox

a seemingly contradictory statement that is actually true ex: as I get closer to the fire, I got colder

Example of Paradox

1) Act 3. Sc 5. "More light and light, more dark and dark our woes." -Romeo (as the morning light ("light and light") increases, their misery ("dark and dark our woes") also increases.)

Pun

word play; using words that have multiple meanings or the same/similar sounding

Example of Pun

1) ¨Ask me tommorow, and you shall find me a grave man.¨ -Mercutio (Grave= serious & dead)

Double Entendre

a statement that has two/multiple meanings; one of them is of a dirty/sexual nature

Examples of Double Entendre

1) ¨Is love a tender thing? It is too rough..¨ - Romeo

2) ¨I am the pink of courtesy¨ - Mercutio

Extended Metaphor

a series of metaphors (or other literary devices) that all deal with the same subject (starts with a metaphor and keeps going)

Examples of Extended Metaphor

1) When Romeo compares Juliet to the sun and continues with the figurtive laguage (balcony scene)

2) ¨Thou knowest the mask of night is on my face…¨ -Juliet (compares the night as a mask to cover her feelings and continues talking about her embarresment that Romeo heard what she said about him

Dramatic Irony

ironic because we know something that the characters don't know

A character has to stay contradicting to prove dramatic irony

Example of Dramatic Irony

¨I dreamt my lady came and found me dead…¨ -Romeo (dreams about Juliet reviving him, but she is alive but he dosent know )

How many lines does a Shakespearean Sonnet have

14 lines

What Rhyme Scheme does a Shakespearean Sonnet have

ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

What is the GG part of a Shakespearean Sonnet rhyme scheme called

GG: couplet (fully resolves the problem)

What is the rhythm of the Shakespearean Sonnet called

Iambic Pentameter

Iambic Pentameter

iams: a series of two syllables,

- first syllable = ( unstressd
- second syllable = / stressed

each line will have 10 syllables -- a SHAKESPEAREAN SONNET

How to read a Shakespearean Sonnet

1st line or 2 lines: establishes a question/concern

First 8 lines: explores the question/concern

Lines 9-12: attempts to start solving the question/concern

Last 2 lines ¨couplet¨ fully resolves the problem

Before ) /

After / )

Pre-Party Scene (Just Romeo)

Lacks Dopamine because he is depressed,

lacking oxytocin because he wasent making any physical contact

Low activity in the PFC meaning Romeo is unable to determine that his heatbreak is not the end of the world

Activity in the Amygdala is on overdrive because he has very strong emotions and ¨overreacts¨

Party Scene (R&J)

Increased activity of adrenaline, causing Romeo´s senses to heighten

Increased Oxytocin due to touching Juliets hand and kissing her

Increased serotonin due to less anxiety

Balcony Scene (R&J)

Increased activity in the Amygdala due to strong emotions

Increased dopamine due to being in love

Increased adrenaline due to Romeo´s decreased fear of danger and being killed

Romeo and Tybalt Scene

Roemo had an increase of adrenaline, causing him to become fearless, disguarding consequences

Increased activity in Amygdala causing strong emotions to take over him killing tybalt

End of Play Scene

Romeo and Juliet have an underdeveloped PFC, causing them to ¨overreact¨ and commit suicide

decreased adrenaline and dopamine causing him to be sad and depressed feeling

Increased activity in Amygdala causing them to act impulsivley