Community and Population Health Assessment

all people occupying an area that share more than one characteristics

population

grouping of distinct individuals, considered a whole, loosely associated with one another (sub-populations)

aggregates

elderly adults with diabetes are an example of

older adults = population

older adults with diabetes = aggregated sub category

minor acute and chronic care that is comprehensive and coordinated where people work, live, or attend school

community based nursing

illness care is provided outside the acute care setting in

community nursing

science of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through organized community efforts, sanitation of environment, control of communicable infections, research, etc

Public health

public health is a

population based practice

small numbers of incidence of disease, involves point source and vector cause of disease

endemic

lyme disease is an example of an

endemic disease

more numbers of incidence of disease, typically retained in continental/country lines

epidemic

worldwide spread of disease

pandemic

number of new cases

incidence

total number of active cases

prevalence

what is the most vulnerable population

children

why are children considered the most vulnerable population

lack of education, finances, transportation, underdeveloped

originates from a single, identifiable source

point source

wastewater being discharged from a sewage treatment plant into a local river is an example of a

point source

pollution that comes from multiple diffuse sources across a community

nonpoint source

fertilizer and pesticide runoff from numerous lawns and farms contamination local waterways after rainfall is an example of

nonpoint source

what percent of maternal deaths occur in low income and lower middle income countries

95%

risk of dying from maternal causes is greater in

resource poor settings

what is a top priority

preventing maternal mortality and morbidity

moves our thinking to look at the factors that are at the institutional and systemic level rather than looking at the individual life style factors

upstream approach

what is the goal of the upstream approach

find the root cause and then implement areas to fix

what are the social determinants of health

economic stability

built environment

education

food

community

safety

social context

health care system and access

what is the most treatable disease

measles (vaccine)

what are the diseases on the rise

heart disease

kidney disease

diabetes

alzheimers

mental health

obesity

mortality rates are formative of

fatal disease

mission of this organization is to provide leadership and the evidence base for international action on surveillance, prevention, and control of non communicable disease

WHO

poor air quality increases risk of

stroke

heart disease

lung cancer

chronic/acute respiratory disease

founder of community health

used a population health approach

improved environmental conditions

florence nightingale

first african american public health RN in the US

helped lay foundation

jessie sleet scales

first community health

started jentry street settlement

lillian ward

who started the jentry street settlement

lillian wald

what are the levels of prevention

primary

secondary

tertiary

prevention of disease

primary prevention

early detection and prevent development of disease

secondary prevention

education and flu clinics are examples of

primary prevention

screenings like mammograms is an example of

secondary prevention

managing complications and decreasing further development of disease

tertiary prevention

group visits to educate diabetic patients on nutrition and self management is an example of

tertiary prevention

what are the core functions of public health nursing

assessment

policy development

assurance

what are the components of assessment in public health nursing

monitor health

diagnose and investigate

what are the components of policy development in public health nursing

inform, educate, empower

mobilize community partnerships

develop policies

what are the components of assurance in public health nursing

enforce laws

link to/provide care

assure competent workforce

evaluate

a group of individuals sharing one or more characteristics (neighborhood, culture, age, etc), and community setting is one where the primary purpose isnt medical care

community

generates information about a community’s culture from people in the community

primary data

what are examples of primary data

surveys

participants

observation

focus groups

key informants

numerical measures about health outcomes and indicators, statistics

secondary data

data collected in quantitative (mathmatical) terms

descriptive statistics

involves making assumptions about features of a population based on observation of a sample

inferential statistics

allergen in vaccines

thimerasol