🌍 AP WRLD Complete Flashcards

Dar al-Islam

A term used to describe the Islamic world under a unified culture and political domain.

Abbasid Caliphate

Key Islamic power during 1200–1450 that preserved knowledge and fostered cultural and scientific advancements despite political fragmentation.

Song Dynasty

Features include technological innovations (gunpowder, printing), merit-based bureaucracy, and Neo-Confucianism.

Feudalism

A decentralized political system where lords provided land in exchange for military service in Japan and Europe.

Columbian Exchange

The global transfer of crops, animals, people, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds after 1492.

Joint-stock company

A business structure that allowed for investment by shareholders; key in financing European colonial ventures.

Gunpowder Empires

The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires, known for military conquest using gunpowder weapons.

Mercantilism

An economic policy aimed at increasing national wealth through exports and the accumulation of precious metals.

Industrial Revolution

Caused by access to coal, advancements in agriculture, labor supply, and capital investment.

Ideologies of industrialization

Emergence of socialism, communism, and liberalism in response to industrialization.

Imperialism

A policy of extending a country's power through colonization and military force.

Meiji Restoration

Japan’s rapid modernization and industrialization beginning in 1868.

World War I Causes

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism (MAIN).

Decolonization

The process by which colonies gained independence, especially after World War II.

Globalization

The increasing interconnectedness of the world through trade, communication, and cultural exchange.

Supranational organizations

Groups like the UN or EU where member countries cede some sovereignty for collective benefits.

State-building

The formation and maintenance of governments, including empires, dynasties, and revolutions, significant in AP World History.

Syncretism

The blending of cultural elements, especially in religion and language, across different societies.

Diasporic communities

Groups of people living outside their ancestral homelands, maintaining cultural traditions (e.g., Jewish, Chinese, Indian).

Continuity and change over time (CCOT)

A skill that tracks how certain aspects of history stay the same or evolve across different eras.