Woodrow Wilson, Mexico, and World War I Practice Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering Wilson's intervention in Mexico, the causes and alliances of WWI, the American home front, and the Treaty of Versailles.

Missionary intervention

A component of Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy focused on spreading the protestant religion.

Victoriano Huerta

A conservative Mexican dictator and anti-democratic leader whose violent rise to power appalled Woodrow Wilson.

U.S.S. Dolphin

The American ship whose sailors were arrested in Mexico, leading Wilson to send troops to Vera Cruz.

Venustiano Carranza

The leader who took power in Mexico with a constitutional government after the ABC mediation removed Huerta.

Poncho Villa

A Mexican leader who attacked civilians on a Mexican train and raided Columbus, New Mexico, to provoke U.S. conflict with Carranza.

John J. Pershing

The American General who led several thousand troops into Northern Mexico to chase Villa and later commanded U.S. forces in France.

Triple Entente

The alliance also known as the Allied Powers, consisting of Britain, France, Russia, and later others like Italy and Japan.

Triple Alliance

The alliance also known as the Central Powers, consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey.

Archduke Ferdinand

The Austrian leader whose assassination in Sarajevo by a Serbian Nationalist served as the immediate trigger for World War I.

August 4, 1914

The date Britain declared war on Germany after Germany entered neutral Belgium to attack France.

Lusitania

A ship sunk by a German U-20 submarine on May 7, 1915, resulting in 1,200 deaths, including 128 Americans.

Zimmerman Telegram

A January 1917 message from the German Foreign Minister to the German Minister to Mexico offering U.S. territory to Mexico for joining the German cause.

Creel Committee

Also known as the Committee on Public Spirit, led by George Creel, it mobilized public opinion in favor of the war through journalists, artists, and film.

Espionage and Sedition Acts

Legislation passed between 1917 and 1918 to silence opposition to the war and enforce loyalty.

Liberty Cabbage

The name given to sauerkraut during the war as part of the anti-German "Americanization" movement.

The Great Migration

The movement of 400,000 Black Americans to the North during the war to fill industrial and government jobs.

War Industries Board

A government agency that directed manufacturing production, allocated raw materials, and fixed prices with guaranteed profits.

Doughboys

A nickname for the young, healthy, and often romanticized American soldiers who served in Europe.

Armistice

The agreement to end fighting in World War I, which took effect on November 11, 1918, at 11:00 am.

14 Points

Woodrow Wilson's peace plan which included national self-determination, an end to secret treaties, and the creation of the League of Nations.

Treaty of Versailles

The 1919 peace treaty that forced Germany to accept "War Guilt," pay $33$ billion in reparations, and lose its colonies.

League of Nations

An international organization developed to settle disputes, which the United States never joined due to Senate opposition.