Unit 5 Cell structure and Function

What is catabolism?

Breaking down molecules and releasing energy

What is anabolism?

Building molecules and requiring energy

Main energy currency of cell?

ATP

Oxidation means?

Loss of electrons

Reduction means?

Gain of electrons

Reduced form of NAD+?

NADH

Reduced form of FAD?

FADH2

Where does glycolysis occur?

Cytoplasm

Does glycolysis require oxygen?

No

Products of glycolysis?

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Net ATP from glycolysis?

2 ATP

Purpose of fermentation?

Regenerate NAD+

Product of lactate fermentation?

Lactate

Product of alcohol fermentation?

Ethanol and CO2

Where does pyruvate oxidation occur?

Mitochondrial matrix

Product of pyruvate oxidation?

Acetyl CoA

Where does Krebs cycle occur?

Mitochondrial matrix

Products of Krebs cycle?

NADH, FADH2, ATP, CO2

Main purpose of Krebs cycle?

Generate electron carriers

Where does ETC occur?

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Final electron acceptor?

Oxygen

What is chemiosmosis?

Using H+ gradient to make ATP

What enzyme makes ATP?

ATP synthase

Which process makes MOST ATP?

Oxidative phosphorylation

What is β-oxidation?

Breakdown of fatty acids