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Gonads
Primary sex organs: testes in males and ovaries in females.
Gametes
Sex cells produced by gonads; sperm in males and eggs in females.
Sex Hormones
Hormones produced by gonads, such as testosterone and estrogen.
Seminiferous Tubules
Sperm-forming factories located inside the testes; sperm are not yet mature here.
Epididymis
The site where sperm mature and are stored; sperm travel through it for about 20 days.
Vas Deferens
Tube that transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.
Urethra (Male)
Terminal duct that carries both urine and sperm outside the body.
Seminal Vesicles
Glands that produce 60% of seminal fluid, which is thick and rich in sugar, vitamins, and nutrients.
Prostate Gland
Gland that secretes a milky fluid that activates sperm.
Bulbourethral Glands
Glands that produce clear mucus to cleanse the urethra and serve as a lubricant.
Semen
Fluid composed of sperm and accessory gland secretions that nourish and protect sperm.
Scrotum
Sac that holds the testes outside of the body and regulates their temperature.
Penis
Organ that delivers sperm to the female reproductive tract.
Sperm Structure
Head (contains DNA), midpiece (contains mitochondria), tail (facilitates movement).