Unit 3 Bryophytes

Bryophytes

Non-vascular plants

Bryophytes have Vascular tissue

False

Bryophytes are seedles

True

Bryophytes have Gametophyte dominant growth

True

Bryophytes have Flagellated sperm

True

Bryophytes have homosporous spores

True

Archegonia

Flask-shaped; Produce a single egg, nurtures developing sporophyte, surrounded by sterile jacket layer, attract sperm with chemicals

Antheridia

Spherical or elongated, commonly stalked, produces male sperm, surrounded by sterile jacket layer

Bryologist

Scientist who studies Bryophytes

Rhizoids

Root-like structures that attach Gametophytes to substrate

Gemmae

Multicellular bodies that give rise to new gametophytes

Spermatogenous Cells

Develop into a single biflagellated sperm

Venter

Basal portion of Archegonia, contains a single egg

Canal Cells

Central neck cells of archegonia that dissolve into a fluid-filled tube

Matrotrophy

Food provided by the mother

Apoplastic transport

The way nutrients are transported in Asexual reproduction using a placenta

Foot

Remains embedded in the archegonia of bryophyte sporophytes

Seta

Stalk

Capsule (Sporangium)

Produces spores via meiosis in bryophyte sporophytes

How many main classes of Bryophyta Mosses are there?

3

Class Sphagnidae

Peat Mosses

Class Andreaeidae

Granite Mosses

Class Bryidae

“True” mosses

Class Sphagnidae have spherical sporangia

True

The operculum of Sphagnidae stays intact for spore release

False

Class Andreaeidae have 4 vertical slits on the sporangium

True

Class Andreaeidae are typically blue

False; Blackish green

Class Bryidae have a consistent growth form

False; Their growth form depends on moisture

Phylum Marchantiophyta

Liverworts

Liverworts can reproduce asexually using duplication

False; Gemmae cups

Sporophytes in Liverworts look like banannas

False; They look like Lightbulbs

Elaters

Hydroscopic sterile cells that respond to changes in humidity and disperse spores

Antheridiophores

Martini glass-shaped sper-producing structures

Archegoniopjores

Finger umbrella-shaped egg-producing structures

Phylum/Division Anthocerotophyta

Hornworts

Hornworts are found in the tundra

False; Tropical rainforests, streamside’s, and disturbed fields

Hornworts have thalloid (flat) gametophytes

True

Pyrenoid

Region of starch deposit

Some Hornworts have mutualistic associations with nitrogen fixing bacteria

True