PSYCHOLOGY (PLS PASS)

Sigmund Freud

created first comprehensive theory of personality and developed psychoanalysis

Carl Rogers

developed client centered therapy (aka humanistic therapy)

Jerome C. Wakefield

identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction

Stanley Milgram

designed an obedience study in order to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

Philip George Zimbardo

conducted the Stanford Prison experiment

Hans and Sybil Eysenck

believed that personality traits are influenced by genetics

Albert Bandura

developed social-cognitive theory

B. F. Skinner

believed that we demonstrate consistent behavior patters because we have certain response tendencies

Carl Jung

coined the term "persona"

Bystander effect

the idea that individuals are less likely to help a victim if there are other witnesses present, as demonstrated in the Kitty Genovese murder

Social loafing

when a member of a group or team does not give full effort, because they believe others will do all the work

Central route persuasion

uses logic and data to support a person's view point

Foot-in-the-door persuasion

when someone asks a small favor, to later follow it up with a larger favor

Example of a self-serving bias

a student who got a perfect score on the exam will likely attribute this outcome to their intellect and hard work

Group polarization

when a group discusses their shared views and values, it strengthens the group

Attitude

the evaluation of a person, idea, or object that can be both positive and negative

Heritability

the differences amongst individuals that is attributed to genetics

Example of aversive conditioning

A dog's shock collar shocking them (undesirable stimuli) when they chew on furniture (undesirable behavior)

Therapist cultural competence

the therapist's understanding of race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Confidentiality in therapy

the ethical obligation of a therapist not to share client information to a third party unless permitted by law to disclose that information

Group therapy

a treatment modality in which a group of individuals with similar issues and/or diagnoses meet together with a therapist for treatment

Behavioral therapy

applies principles of learning to help clients change problematic behaviors

Relapse

returning to an undesirable behavior after going a period without doing so, mostly seen in addiction and substance abuse

Anxiety disorders are characterized by...

excessive fear and related changes in behavior

Schizophrenia is characterized by...

major thought, perception, and behavioral disturbances

Congruence

A state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar

Archetype

A pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

Psychotic

Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder

False

Addiction is often viewed as a temporary problem

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

What does the DSM in DSM-5 stand for?

trait

A ______ is a characteristic way of behaving

Autism spectrum disorder

Which of the following is NOT an anxiety disorder?

True

Those with an inferiority complex have a low sense of self-efficacy

Creative/Logical

Which of the following is NOT a personality type measured on the Myers-Briggs Type indicator?

Intake

The first meeting between a client and therapist, in which the therapist collects info about the client is called

False

Play therapy is common with clients above the age of 18

Morbid ideation

Which of these are NOT involved in suicidal ideation?

True

Seasonal depression involves depressive symptoms at a particular time of year

Abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

A psychological disorder is characterized by

False

The just-world hypothesis states that people will get what they get in life, regardless of what they deserve

Group processes

Which of the following is an interpersonal behavior studied in social psychology?

True

A social role is behavior expected of a person in a given setting