GCSE AQA Biology B1-B2 flashcards

MADE FOR REPETITION AND CRAMMING

What is the role of ribosomes?

protein synthesis

What do mitochondria do?

They are the powerhouse of the cell

What sub cellular organisms in a plant cell aren't present in an animal cell?

Chloroplasts, cell wall, permanent vacuole

What is the role of the nucleus?

Contains genetic material for reproduction as well as essentially being the brain of the cell

Why do plant cells have chloroplasts?

chloroplasts absorb light necessary for photosynthesis and contain chlorophyll which makes the plants green. (Not all plant cells have these like root cells)

Compare plant and animal cells

Plant cells have a cell wall in addition to a cell membrane, whereas animal cells have only a cell membrane. Plants use cell walls to provide structure to the plant. Plant cells contain organelles called chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.

What is a specialised cell?

A specialised cell is a cell that is engineered to do a hyperspecific thing. Also called a differentiated cell

Adaptations of a sperm cell

Sperm cells are specialised for reproduction with adaptations including a streamlined shape for swimming, a flagellum for mobility, and LOADS of mitochondria for energy

Adaptations of a red blood cell

Red blood cells are specialised for oxygen transport, featuring a shape to increase surface area, no nucleus to maximize space for hemoglobin

Adaptations of a nerve cell

Nerve cells, or neurons, are specialised for transmitting electrical signals, featuring long axons for signal transmission, dendrites for receiving information, and a myelin sheath that insulates and speeds up signal conduction.

Adaptations of a muscle cell

Muscle cells are specialised for contraction, featuring a high number of mitochondria for energy, elongated shapes to facilitate movement, and proteins muscle contraction.

Equation for magnification.

Magnification is image size divided by real size

Required practical steps for using a microscope

Difference between a light and electron microscope

Stages of the cell cycle

Interphase, Mitosis and

Why do we need cell cycle

what happens during mitosis?

Difference between mitosis and meiosis

Embryonic vs adult stem cells?

WhT is diffusion?

Movement of particles from a concentrated location to an area of low concentration

What is osmosis?

Movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.

What is active transport?

The difference between osmosis, active transport and diffusion

What are the four methods of seperation

Diffusion, chromatography, condensation

Put these in order of size: tissues, organ systems, organs, cells

Cells--tissues--organs--organ systems

EVERYTHING about the Osmosis potato practical