bio taxonomy

What is taxonomy?

The science of classifying living things.

Why do scientists use taxonomy?

To organize living things, identify organisms, compare organisms, and show patterns of similarity and difference.

What is the order of classification from broadest to most specific?

Domain → Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species

Which level of classification is the broadest?

Domain

Which level of classification is the most specific?

Species

As you move from domain down to species, do organisms become more or less similar?

More similar

What does prokaryotic mean?

A cell with no nucleus.

What does eukaryotic mean?

A cell with a nucleus.

What does unicellular mean?

Made of one cell.

What does multicellular mean?

Made of many cells.

What does autotroph mean?

An organism that makes its own food.

What does heterotroph mean?

An organism that gets food from other organisms.

What are the 3 domains?

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

What domain includes organisms that are prokaryotic and common in normal environments?

Bacteria

What domain includes organisms that are prokaryotic and often live in extreme environments?

Archaea

What does the word Archaea mean?

Archaea means 'ancient.'

According to an evolutionary timeline, how is Archaea often viewed compared with Bacteria?

Archaea is often viewed as more ancient than Bacteria.

What domain includes all organisms with eukaryotic cells?

Eukarya

What are the 6 kingdoms?

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

What kingdom belongs to Domain Bacteria?

Eubacteria

What kingdom belongs to Domain Archaea?

Archaebacteria

What four kingdoms belong to Domain Eukarya?

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia

What are the main traits of Eubacteria?

Prokaryotic, unicellular, common bacteria, can be helpful or harmful.

What are the main traits of Archaebacteria?

Prokaryotic, unicellular, often found in extreme environments, no known harmful species.

What are the main traits of Protista?

Eukaryotic, mostly unicellular, very diverse, 'odds and ends' kingdom.

Why is Protista sometimes called the 'odds and ends' kingdom?

Because it is very diverse and includes eukaryotes that do not fit neatly into plants, animals, or fungi.

What are three broad types of protists?

Plant-like protists, animal-like protists, and fungus-like protists.

What are plant-like protists?

Protists that make their own food, often by photosynthesis.

What are animal-like protists?

Protists that get food by consuming other organisms.

What are fungus-like protists?

Protists that absorb nutrients in ways similar to fungi.

According to an evolutionary timeline, how are protists often viewed compared with plants, animals, and fungi?

Protists or protist-like organisms are often thought to have existed before plants, animals, and fungi.

What are the main traits of Fungi?

Eukaryotic, most are multicellular, heterotrophs, absorb nutrients, have cell walls.

What are the main traits of Plantae?

Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophs, make food by photosynthesis, have cell walls.

What are the main traits of Animalia?

Eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, ingest food, no cell walls.

Which two kingdoms are prokaryotic?

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.

Which four kingdoms are eukaryotic?

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

What is one major difference between plants and animals?

Plants make their own food, while animals eat other organisms.

What is one major difference between fungi and animals?

Fungi absorb nutrients, while animals ingest food.

What is one major difference between bacteria and archaea?

Both are prokaryotic, but archaea are chemically different and often live in extreme environments.

How do many scientists who accept macroevolution use classification?

They use it to help build the evolutionary tree of life.

How might others interpret classification differently?

They may see it as showing patterns of similarity or common design.