Exercise 10: The Plant Cell

The thinner cell wall found in plant cells.

Primary Cell Wall

Thick walls formed due to lignin deposition within the primary walls.

Secondary Cell Walls

A waxy substance that adds thickness and impermeability to certain cell walls, such as cork cells.

Suberin

A plant with irregularly thick secondary walls.

Achras zapota

Very thick lignified secondary walls found in certain plants.

Bast Fibers

A structure found in the root of Iris germanica that regulates water movement.

Casparian Strip

Pits found in the radial section of stems (e.g., Elm) that allow communication between plant cells.

Plasmodesmata

The movement of cytoplasm and organelles within a cell, observed in Hydrilla.

Cyclosis

A storage structure that develops within the colorless plastid known as leucoplast.

Starch Grain

Orange or reddish structures in the cytoplasm, particularly in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum).

Chromoplasts

Organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, storage, and pigment production.

Plastids

Colorless plastids found in the cotyledon of Phaseolus or Zea mays.

Leucoplasts

Specialized plastids for starch storage found in the root of Ranunculus sp.

Amyloplasts

Structures found in statocysts that help with gravity perception, observed in the root tip of Zea mays.

Statoliths

Calcium oxalate crystals found in various plant tissues.

Druse Crystals

Needle-shaped calcium oxalate crystals found in the leaf of Impatiens parviflora.

Raphide Crystals

Calcium carbonate crystals found in lithocysts, observed in the midrib of Ficus religiosa.

Cystoliths

The scientific name for onion.

Allium cepa

The scientific name for potato cells.

Solanum tuberosum

The scientific name for tomato.

Lycopersicon esculentum

The scientific name for avocado cells.

Persea americana